Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study participants
| Participant characteristics | PCOS (n = 50) Median (IQR) |
Control (n = 71) Median (IQR) |
P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 31.0 (27.0–33.0) | 28.0 (26.5–31.0) | 0.098 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.66 (22.68–29.87) | 24.7 (22.5–26.5) | 0.084 |
| Basal LH levels (μU/mL) | 7.68 (7.11–9.91) | 3.12 (1.61–6.90) | 0.040 |
| Basal FSH levels (μU/mL) | 5.25 (4.29–6.22) | 6.71 (3.54–8.03) | 0.730 |
| LH:FSH | 1.66 (1.04–1.97) | 0.57 (0.40–0.68) | 0.040 |
| Prolactin (ng/mL) | 12.30 (9.39–17.44) | 14.20 (6.97–17.63) | 0.461 |
| TSH (mIU/mL) | 2.05 (1.52–3.22) | 1.87 (1.72–2.92) | 0.244 |
| AMH (ng/mL) | 6.86 (3.58–9.74) | 4.76 (2.57–6.01) | 0.027 |
| hMG administered (IU) | 300 (225.0–300.0) | 300 (300.0–300.0) | 0.242 |
| Number of days of stimulation | 10.50 (9.00–12.25) | 10.50 (9.00–12.00) | 0.99 |
| Total follicles (n) | 19.00 (11.0–29.0) | 16.00 (12.0–24.25) | 0.648 |
| Total oocytes (n) | 15.00 (9.0–22.0) | 14.5 (11.0–23.0) | 0.635 |
| MII oocyte (n) | 11.0 (7.0–19.0) | 13.5 (8.0–17.75) | 0.857 |
| MII oocyte (%) | 83.33 (65.48–94.20) | 88.24 (75.18–100.0) | 0.104 |
| Fertilized MII oocyte (n) | 8.5 (6.0–14.0) | 10.0 (7.0–15.0) | 0.186 |
| ROF (%) | 78.89 (69.06–85.71) | 83.33 (76.39–95.58) | 0.039 |
| Grade I embryos (%) | 91.5 (50.0–100.0) | 100.0 (100.0–100.0) | 0.013 |
| aPregnancy rate per embryo transfer [% (proportion)] | 26.76 (19/71) | 42.85 (45/105) | 0.102 |
| $E2 (ng/mL) serum | 1.417 (0.880–2.561) | 1.09 (0.139–2.168) | 0.063 |
| $E2 (ng/mL) FF | 813.3 (336.4–1085) | 800.0 (505.5–1046) | 0.734 |
| $P4 (ng/mL) serum | 0.70 (0.292–3.25) | 1.35 (0.35–2.00) | 0.799 |
| $P4 (μg/mL) FF | 11.06 (5.83–14.42) | 17.06 (12.66–20.08) | 0.0005 |
| $TT (ng/dL) serum | 168.0 (123.5–226.9) | 123.3 (90.00–196.7) | 0.009 |
| $TT (ng/dL) FF | 457.8 (348.0–706.2) | 395.0 (304.1–497.4) | 0.014 |
| $SHBG (nmol/L) serum | 91.74 (54.33–152.1) | 177.8 (102.3–274.1) | 0.0003 |
| $SHBG (nmol/L) FF | 90.0 (80.33–144.8) | 150.0 (117.9–174.9) | 0.004 |
| $Free T (pmol/L) serum | 42.33 (31.47–78.08) | 27.52 (14.82–42.68) | 0.003 |
| $Free T (pmol/L) FF | 172.1 (117.6–300.0) | 92.13 (45.72–121.9) | < 0.0001 |
| $Bio T (nmol/L) serum | 0.992 (0.719–1.832) | 0.645 (0.348–0.999) | 0.003 |
| $Bio-T (nmol/L) FF | 4.03 (2.757–7.044) | 2.16 (1.07–2.86) | < 0.0001 |
| $FAI serum | 5.18 (3.43–11.29) | 2.96 (1.65–5.24) | 0.006 |
| $FAI FF | 22.56 (12.62–35.10) | 9.75 (4.96–13.19) | < 0.0001 |
| $Fasting glucose (mg/dL) serum | 91.00 (84.5–97. 5) | 87.00 (81.25–94.75) | 0.048 |
| $Fasting insulin (mIU/L) serum | 10.73 (7.940–13.98) | 8.85 (6.26–12.26) | 0.059 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.47 (1.54–3.43) | 1.55 (1.11–2.15) | 0.008 |
| $Fasting insulin (mIU/L) FF | 7.34 (4.6–10.63) | 8.64 (5.0–12.30) | 0.432 |
Data represented as median (interquartile-range) for clinical characteristics compared between women with PCOS (n = 50) and controls (n = 71). Parameters marked with “$” were measured in serum and follicular fluid obtained on the day of ovum pick up (d-OPU). Statistical comparison was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test. P < 0.05 considered significant. a: data available for 58 control and 35 PCOS women
IVF in vitro fertilization, BMI body mass index, LH luteinizing hormone, FSH follicle stimulating hormone, TSH thyroid stimulating hormone, hMG human menopausal gonadotrophin, ROF rate of fertilization, FF follicular fluid, E2 estradiol, P4 progesterone, TT total testosterone, SHBG sex hormone binding globulin, Free T free testosterone, Bio-T bioavailable testosterone, FAI free androgen index, HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance