Table 3.
Comparison of demographics of patients without and with COVID-19 infections.
| Variable | Patients without COVID-19 infection (n = 627) | Patients with COVID-19 infection (n = 602) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| ICU length of stay (days), median [IQR] | 5 [2–10] | 9 [2–10] | <0.001 |
| Age (years), n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| x < 50 | 190 (30%) | 107 (18%) | |
| 50 ≤ x <60 | 90 (13%) | 132 (22%) | |
| 60 ≤ x <70 | 120 (19%) | 193 (32%) | |
| x ≥ 70 | 227 (36%) | 170 (28%) | |
| Gender (male), n (%) | 391 (62%) | 425 (70%) | 0.003 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| x < 18.5 | 84 (13%) | 10 (2%) | |
| 18.5 ≤ x <25 | 310 (49%) | 150 (25%) | |
| 25 ≤ x <30 | 155 (25%) | 218 (36%) | |
| x ≥ 30 | 78 (12%) | 224 (37%) | |
| Use of medical devices, n (%) | |||
| Mechanical ventilation | 306 (49%) | 395 (66%) | <0.001 |
| Extracorporeal membrane oxygenationa | 18 (3%) | 30 (5%) | 0.076 |
| Renal replacement therapy | 66 (11%) | 56 (9%) | 0.505 |
| Left ventricular unloading device (Impella®, IABP) | 10 (2%) | 1 (0%) | 0.012 |
| Patients receiving continuous use of neuromuscular blockade, n (%) | 19 (3%) | 159 (26%) | <0.001 |
| Patients receiving continuous use of vasoactive drugs, n (%) | 208 (33%) | 186 (31%) | 0.427 |
| Patients receiving continuous use of analgesia agents, n (%) | 291 (46%) | 358 (59%) | <0.001 |
| Patients receiving continuous use of sedation agents, n (%) | 233 (37%) | 356 (59%) | <0.001 |
| Patients receiving prone positioning, n (%) | 17 (3%) | 209 (34%) | <0.001 |
| Scheduled total number of hours of prone positioning (hours), n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| 0 hours (no performing) | 191 (30%) | 333 (55%) | |
| 0 < x < 6 | 11 (2%) | 58 (10%) | |
| 6 ≤ x < 12 | 2 (0%) | 38 (6%) | |
| 12 ≤ x < 18 | 4 (1%) | 57 (9%) | |
| 18 ≤ x ≤ 24 | 0 (0%) | 56 (9%) | |
| Not candidate (i.e., because of no respiratory failure) | 419 (67%) | 60 (10%) | |
| Presence of a target or goal applied to ICU patients on the survey date, n (%) | |||
| Pain | 255 (41%) | 201 (33%) | 0.009 |
| Sedation | 280 (45%) | 393 (65%) | <0.001 |
| Mobilization/Rehabilitation | 296 (47%) | 261 (43%) | 0.187 |
Data in table are presented as median [Interquartile range] or number (%). ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump.
a
Among the 18 patients received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation WITHOUT COVID-19 infection 9 were Veno-Venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and 9 were Veno-Arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Among the 30 patients received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation WITH COVID-19 infection, 29 were Veno-Venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and 9 were Veno-Arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.