Figure 1.

Total frequencies and integrated mean fluorescence intensity (iMFI) of cytokine-producing CD4⁺ T cells. The total frequencies and iMFI of each cytokine-expressing phenotype were determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy controls and patients before (D0) and during their treatment follow-up, after subtracting the background values corresponding to cells incubated without the soluble Leishmania antigen (SLA). Results in the panel are expressed as means + SE. Asterisks and horizontal lines indicate significant differences between times of treatments and healthy control records as disclosed by the Mann–Whitney method. Hashtags show significant differences between times of treatment as determined by the Wilcoxon matched-pairs rank statistical test.