Table 1.
Study Participant Characteristics at Enrollment.
| Variables | Total (n = 405) | Cohort, median (IQR) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| alive (in 28 days) (n = 308) | dead (in 28 days) (n = 97) | |||
| age | 68.86 (57.42, 79.77) | 68.72 (57.66, 78.59) | 69.85 (56.6, 82.74) | 0.239 |
| gender, n (%) | 0.516 | |||
| F | 166 (41) | 123 (40) | 43 (44) | |
| M | 239 (59) | 185 (60) | 54 (56) | |
| BMI | 26.74 (23.6, 30.6) | 26.74 (23.57, 30.94) | 25.81 (23.69, 30.24) | 0.784 |
| ICU staytime | 2.97 (1.73, 6.09) | 2.74 (1.66, 5.69) | 3.87 (2.23, 8.66) | 0.012 |
| LDH | 327 (212, 640) | 283 (194, 399.75) | 728 (480, 2133) | <0.001 |
| lactate | 1.5 (1.1, 2.1) | 1.4 (1, 1.9) | 1.8 (1.1, 3) | 0.002 |
| bicarbonate | 22 (20, 25) | 23 (20, 26) | 21 (17, 23) | <0.001 |
| bilirubin | 0.6 (0.4, 1.2) | 0.6 (0.4, 1.1) | 0.9 (0.5, 2.1) | <0.001 |
| creatinine | 1 (0.8, 1.5) | 1 (0.7, 1.4) | 1.4 (0.9, 1.9) | <0.001 |
| WBC | 10.2 (6.1, 15.2) | 9.65 (5.97, 13.9) | 12.7 (6.7, 18) | 0.003 |
| hemoglobin | 9.4 (8.2, 10.8) | 9.5 (8.2, 10.9) | 9.1 (8.3, 10.4) | 0.172 |
| PLT | 148 (74, 245) | 162.5 (82, 255.75) | 99 (45, 202) | <0.001 |
| PTT | 32.9 (27.1, 42.8) | 31.8 (26.73, 39.4) | 40 (29.7, 50.4) | <0.001 |
| INR | 1.3 (1.1, 1.6) | 1.3 (1.1, 1.5) | 1.5 (1.2, 2.4) | <0.001 |
| PT | 14.5 (13.2, 17) | 14.2 (13.07, 16.5) | 16 (13.7, 21.5) | <0.001 |
| SOFA | 4 (2, 7) | 4 (2, 6) | 7 (4, 10) | <0.001 |
| APSIII | 44 (32, 58) | 39 (30, 52) | 58 (47, 81) | <0.001 |
| LODS | 4 (2, 6) | 4 (2, 5) | 6 (4, 9) | <0.001 |
| Reasons for admission to ICU | 0.046 | |||
| respiratory failure | 150 (37) | 115 (37) | 35 (36) | |
| sepsis | 132 (33) | 99 (32) | 33 (34) | |
| cardiac insufficiency | 79 (20) | 54 (18) | 25 (26) | |
| others | 44 (11) | 40 (13) | 4 (4) | |
| Disease Stage | <0.001 | |||
| I | 216 (53) | 182 (59) | 34 (35) | |
| II | 108 (27) | 83 (27) | 25 (26) | |
| III | 63 (16) | 37 (12) | 26 (27) | |
| IV | 18 (4) | 6 (2) | 12 (12) | |
| NCCN-IPI, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| 0 | 56 (14) | 50 (16) | 6 (6) | |
| 1 | 128 (32) | 113 (37) | 15 (15) | |
| 2 | 86 (21) | 76 (25) | 10 (10) | |
| 3 | 34 (8) | 26 (8) | 8 (8) | |
| 4 | 24 (6) | 11 (4) | 13 (13) | |
| 5 | 11 (3) | 6 (2) | 5 (5) | |
| 6 | 51 (13) | 23 (7) | 28 (29) | |
| 7 | 15 (4) | 3 (1) | 12 (12) | |
| IPI, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| 0 | 75 (19) | 65 (21) | 10 (10) | |
| 1 | 126 (31) | 109 (35) | 17 (18) | |
| 2 | 76 (19) | 64 (21) | 12 (12) | |
| 3 | 40 (10) | 27 (9) | 13 (13) | |
| 4 | 18 (4) | 13 (4) | 5 (5) | |
| 5 | 70 (17) | 30 (10) | 40 (41) | |
IQR, interquartile range; WBC, white blood cell; Hb, hemoglobin; PLT, platelet; PTT, partial thromboplastin time; PT, prothrombin time; BMI, body mass index; ICU, intensive care unit; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; INR, International Normalized Ratio.