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. 2021 Oct 28;12:760860. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.760860

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Copyright © 2021 Hirsova, Bamidele, Wang, Povero and Revelo

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Main T cell subsets and their functions. Conventional T cells are broadly grouped into CD8 and CD4 T cell subsets with diverse functions during an immune response. In general, CD8 cytotoxic T cells directly kill cancerous or infected cells, while CD4 T cells regulate the immune response to a particular antigen. CD4 T cells can be classified as T helper (Th) cells or regulatory T cells (Tregs). Differentiated CD4 T cell subsets are marked by the expression of the lineage-specific transcription factors T-bet (Th1), GATA3 (Th2), RORγt (Th17), and FOXP3 (Tregs), which are critical for their differentiation and function. Innate-like T cells are a highly diverse group of cells including natural killer T (NKT) cells, gamma delta (γδ) T cells, or mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. (Created with BioRender.com).