Table 4.
Representative studies for hPSC-derived microfluidic BBB-on-chip
| Cell lines | Seed cells | Fluidic channel | Shear stress | Matrix | BBB markers | Function | Time of observation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BC1 | UM BMEC-like cells | four rectangular channels with different heights |
4 and 12 dyne/cm2 | Collagen IV, Fibronectin | Occludin Claudin-5 F-actin ZO-1 |
Cell morphology, proliferation, apoptosis, protein gene expression under shear stress | 40 h | 168 |
| IMR-90-4 | UM-RA BMEC-like cells, Rat primary astrocytes | Neuronal Chamber: 6.5 mm diameter Microchannels: 300 μm width×160 μm height PC membrane: 0.4 μm diameter pores TEER electrode |
0.023-1.8 dyne/cm2 | Collagen IV, Fibronectin | Claudin-5, ZO-1 | TEER: 2000-4000 Ω·cm2 Permeability: 4, 20, 70 kDa Dextran, caffeine, cimetidine, doxorubicin |
10 days | 150 |
| BC1 | UM-RA BMEC-like cells | Diameter: 150 μm | 0.1, 1 dyne/cm2 | Collagen I Laminin/entactin, Genipin, Collagen IV, Fibronectin |
ZO-1, Claudin-5 | TEER: transwell Permeability: 70 kDa Dextran |
3 days | 134 |
| CS0617iCTR, CS0172 iCTR, CS0188 iCTR, CS81iHD, CS03iCTR, CS03iCTRmut, CS01iMCT8, CS01iMCT8Cor | UM-RA BMEC-like cells, primary pericytes and astrocytes | Brain channel: 1×1 mm Blood channel: 1×0.2 mm PDMS membrane: 7 μm diameter pores |
0.01, 0.5, 2.4,5 dyne/cm2 | Collagen IV, Fibronectin | Occludin Claudin-5 ZO-1, PECAM-1, GLUT-1 |
TEER Permeability: 3, 4, 20, 70 kDa Dextran T3, IgG, Albumin, Transferrin Efflux transporter activity: Pgp Viability: LDH |
10 days | 151 |
| IMR90-4 | Hypoxia induced UM-RA BMEC-like cells, human primary pericytes, and astrocytes | Brain channel: 2cm long×1mm wide×1mm high Blood channel: 2cm long×1mm wide 0.2 mm high PET membranes Pore size: 0.4 μm |
6 dyne/cm2 | Collagen IV, Fibronectin | ZO-1, Claudin-5, PECAM-1, GLUT--1, Pgp | TEER: 25000 Ω Efflux transporter activity: Pgp, MRP1, MRP4, BCRP Permeability: 3, 10 kDa dextran |
2 weeks | 74 |
| BC1-GFP, C12-RFP | CHIR-RA BMEC-like cells | Diameter: 150 μm | 1 dyne/cm2 | Collagen I, Genipin, Matrigel | ZO-1 | Permeability: Lucifer yellow, 10 kDa dextran | 2 days | 153 |
| IMR90-4, CC3 | E6 BMEC-like cells, HUVEC, μVas |
Diameter: 800 μm | 0.3, 1, 3 dyne/cm2 | Gelatin | Occludin Claudin-5 VE-cadherin F-actin |
Permeability: 3 kDa Dextran, Albumin Efflux transporter activity: Pgp, MRP |
21 days | 154 |
| iPSC-ECs, human primary pericytes, and astrocytes | Self-organized vessels Diameter: 10-200 μm |
Not identified | Fibrin gel | ZO-1, Occludin Claudin-5 |
Permeability: 10 kDa and 40 kDa dextran | 7 days | 166 |