Table 3.
MNAs integrated with living mammal cells
| Species | Microneedle arrays | Test subjects | Applications | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type (T)/Materials (M) | Height (H)/Diameter (D) | Array | ||||
| HaCaT Cells/Human follicle dermal papilla cells | T: Bulk M: PMMA |
H: 1000 μm D: 200 μm |
6 × 6 | Collagen hydrogel | Cell delivery evaluation | 85 |
| Melanocyte/Keratinocyte/Epidermal cells | T: Bulk M: Silicon |
H: 400/500/600/700 μm D: 200 μm |
5 × 5 | Excised human breast skin | Delivering functional cells for skin healing | 86 |
| Mardin-Darby canine kidney cells | T: Bulk M: SiO2/Si3N4 |
H: 100/300/500 μm D: 30-50 μm |
- | Rat liver tissue | Cell transplantation | 87 |
| B16-F10-murine-melanoma/HEK-293T cells | T:Dissolving M: HA/PVP/maltose |
H: 650 μm D: 300 μm |
10 × 10 | Mice | In vivo tumor grafting | 88 |
| MSCs | T: Insoluble M: PLGA/GelMA |
H: 700 μm H/D ratio = 1.5 |
8 × 8 | Mice | Wound repairing | 89 |
| RFP-HeLa/HaCaT/NDFs/MSCs/melanocytes/T cells/bone marrow-derived DCs/LPS-treated DCs | T: Dissolving M: PBS/DMSO/sucrose |
H: 900 μm D: 350 μm |
10 × 10 | Mice | Transdermal delivery of therapeutic living cell | 90 |
| Pancreatic β-cells | T: Insoluble M: HA/alginate |
H: 800 μm D: 400 μm |
20 × 20 | Mice | Type-1 diabetes treatment | 91 |
| CSCs | T: Insoluble M: PVA/fibrin gel |
H: 600 μm D: 300 μm |
20 × 20 | Rat/Porcine | Heart regeneration after acute myocardial infarction | 92 |
| iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes | T: Insoluble M: GelMA/CNT |
- | - | Mice | Treating acute myocardial infarction | 93 |
| CAR T cells | T: Solid M: PLGA |
H: 1500 μm D: 250 μm |
15 × 15 | Mice | Seeding of CAR T cells for augmenting anticancer efficacy | 94 |
PMMA: polymethyl methacrylate; HA: hyaluronate; PVP: polyvinyl pyrrolidone; MSC: Mesenchymal stem cells; PLGA: poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid); GelMA: gelatin-methacryloyl; RFP: red fluorescent protein; NDF: Normal dermal fibroblast; DC: Dendritic cell; PBS: Phosphate buffer saline; DMSO: dimethylsulfoxide; CSC: cardiac stromal cell; PVA: polyvinyl alcohol; iPSC: induced pluripotent cell; CNT: carbon nanotube; CAR: chimeric antigen receptor.