Table 5.
Variable | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | Model 6 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(physical health) | (mental health) | (social health) | (frequency of visits) | (duration of visits) | (activity intensity) | ||||||||
Standardized | VIF | Standardized | VIF | Standardized | VIF | Standardized | VIF | Standardized | VIF | Standardized | VIF | ||
coefficients | coefficients | coefficients | coefficients | coefficients | coefficients | ||||||||
Demographic variables | Gender | −0.004 | 1.094 | 0.021 | 1.094 | −0.051 | 1.094 | −0.054 | 1.094 | −0.044 | 1.094 | −0.107** | 1.094 |
Age | −0.074 | 2.323 | 0.043 | 2.323 | 0.076 | 2.323 | 0.221** | 2.323 | 0.196** | 2.323 | 0.044 | 2.323 | |
Education level | 0.140** | 1.911 | −0.037 | 1.911 | −0.054 | 1.911 | −0.270** | 1.911 | 0.089 | 1.911 | −0.063 | 1.911 | |
Income | −0.001 | 1.515 | 0.058 | 1.515 | 0.063 | 1.515 | 0.174** | 1.515 | 0.212** | 1.515 | 0.106* | 1.515 | |
Place of residence | −0.024 | 1.220 | −0.042 | 1.220 | 0.064 | 1.220 | −0.071 | 1.220 | 0.012 | 1.220 | −0.009 | 1.220 | |
Green space attributes | Access | 0.203** | 1.505 | 0.153** | 1.505 | 0.154** | 1.505 | 0.152** | 1.505 | 0.083 | 1.505 | 0.047 | 1.505 |
Size | −0.039 | 1.455 | 0.077 | 1.455 | 0.056 | 1.455 | 0.063 | 1.455 | 0.089 | 1.455 | 0.071 | 1.455 | |
Type | 0.021 | 1.995 | −0.025 | 1.995 | −0.042 | 1.995 | −0.061 | 1.995 | 0.063 | 1.995 | −0.059 | 1.995 | |
Maintenance | 0.147** | 2.366 | 0.184** | 2.366 | 0.153** | 2.366 | 0.019 | 2.366 | 0.021 | 2.366 | −0.001 | 2.366 | |
Landscape characteristics | Road | −0.007 | 2.090 | 0.009 | 2.090 | 0.009 | 2.090 | −0.055 | 2.090 | 0.032 | 2.090 | −0.079 | 2.090 |
Terrain | 0.035 | 2.584 | −0.086 | 2.584 | −0.037 | 2.584 | −0.115* | 2.584 | −0.033 | 2.584 | 0.036 | 2.584 | |
Water | −0.069 | 2.073 | −0.089 | 2.073 | −0.106* | 2.073 | −0.028 | 2.073 | −0.013 | 2.073 | −0.054 | 2.073 | |
Plants | 0.083 | 2.216 | 0.033 | 2.216 | 0.009 | 2.216 | −0.032 | 2.216 | 0.042 | 2.216 | −0.007 | 2.216 | |
Microclimate Environments | 0.028 | 2.220 | 0.122* | 2.220 | 0.075 | 2.220 | 0.108* | 2.220 | 0.022 | 2.220 | −0.037 | 2.220 | |
Soundscape | 0.125** | 1.881 | 0.160** | 1.881 | 0.141** | 1.881 | −0.041 | 1.881 | −0.008 | 1.881 | −0.064 | 1.881 | |
Smellscape | 0.043 | 2.134 | 0.087 | 2.134 | 0.026 | 2.134 | −0.048 | 2.134 | −0.046 | 2.134 | −0.021 | 2.134 | |
Facilities | Amenity facilities | 0.041 | 1.956 | 0.005 | 1.956 | 0.030 | 1.956 | 0.056 | 1.956 | −0.029 | 1.956 | 0.109* | 1.956 |
Rest facilities | 0.101* | 2.126 | 0.076 | 2.126 | 0.080 | 2.126 | 0.051 | 2.126 | 0.003 | 2.126 | 0.064 | 2.126 | |
Wayfinding | 0.006 | 2.262 | 0.044 | 2.262 | 0.022 | 2.262 | 0.054 | 2.262 | −0.028 | 2.262 | 0.071 | 2.262 | |
Garden ornaments | −0.051 | 2.033 | −0.041 | 2.033 | 0.064 | 2.033 | −0.031 | 2.033 | −0.017 | 2.033 | 0.031 | 2.033 | |
Adjusted R2 | 0.341 | 0.282 | 0.196 | 0.277 | 0.105 | 0.036 | |||||||
R 2 | 0.362 | 0.305 | 0.222 | 0.300 | 0.133 | 0.067 | |||||||
F-statistic | 17.202** | 13.339** | 8.657 | 12.985 | 4.672 | 2.163 |
Independent variable—perception of green space components for health promotion.
VIF, variance inflation factor.
p < 0.05;
p < 0.01.