Figure 3.

Rod degeneration in other types of AD transgenic mouse models

(A and B) Expression of rhodopsin, GNAT1, and recoverin in retinas from 5xFAD and WT mice was evaluated using Western blot. Expression levels were analyzed using densitometry and normalized by the GAPDH level.

(C) Rhodopsin levels were significantly lower in 5xFAD mice than in WT mice at 5 months.

(D) GNAT1 and recoverin levels of 5xFAD and control WT mice at 5 months.

(E and F) Expression of rhodopsin, GNAT1, and recoverin in retinas from APP NL-F (DKI) and WT mice was evaluated using Western blot. Expression levels were analyzed using densitometry and normalized by the GAPDH level.

(G) Rhodopsin levels were significantly lower in DKI mice than in WT mice at 15 months.

(H) GNAT1 and recoverin levels of DKI and control WT mice at 15 months.

(I) Representative images of rhodopsin labeling on retinal cross sections from DKI and control WT mice at 15 months.

(J) Left: Quantitative analysis of the fluorescence intensities of rhodopsin revealed that DKI mice had a lower intensity than control WT mice at 15 months. Right: There was no difference in the thicknesses of the outer segment (OS), inner segment (IS), and outer nuclear layer (ONL) of rods between DKI and control WT mice at 15 months. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. ns: not significant, ∗: p < 0.05, ∗∗∗∗: p < 0.0001, Student's t test. Scale bar = 20 μm