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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Nov 11.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2018 Nov 16;195:178–185. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.09.025

Table 2.

Weighted least squares means and variance adjusted estimates for a recursive model of hurricane exposure and smoking relapse (N=1960a)†

Parameters Unstandardized SE p
Direct effects
Hurricane exposure → Depressive symptoms
 Memphis REF
 New Orleans 4.68 0.71 <.01
Number of days spent with poor mental health → Depressive symptoms 0.42 0.05 <.01
Perceived social support → Depressive symptoms −3.19 0.40 <.01
Education → Depressive symptoms
 No high school degree REF
 High school graduate or equivalent 1.61 0.86 .06
 Some post-high school education 1.66 0.96 .08
 College graduate 3.90 1.11 <.01
Household income → Depressive symptoms
 > $80,000 REF
 $40,000–$80,000 0.81 1.03 .43
 $20,000–$40,000 3.91 1.02 <.01
 > $20,000 5.19 1.11 <.01
 Refused to answer 0.66 1.16 .57
Hurricane exposure → Posttraumatic stress symptoms
 Memphis REF
 New Orleans 0.41 0.13 <.01
Number of days spent with poor mental health → Posttraumatic stress symptoms 0.06 0.01 <.01
Perceived social support 30 days → Posttraumatic stress symptoms −0.33 0.08 <.01
Education → Posttraumatic stress symptoms
 No high school degree REF
 High school graduate or equivalent 0.11 0.17 .51
 Some post-high school education −0.30 0.18 .10
 College graduate −0.06 0.23 .78
Household income → Posttraumatic stress symptoms
 > $80,000 REF
 $40,000–$80,000 0.11 0.19 .55
 $20,000–$40,000 0.21 0.19 .27
 > $20,000 0.42 0.21 .05
 Refused to answer −0.41 0.23 .08
Hurricane exposure → Smoking relapse
 Memphis REF
 New Orleans 0.36 0.14 .01
Depressive symptoms → Smoking relapse 0.01 0.01 .22
Posttraumatic stress symptoms → Smoking relapse 0.06 0.03 .02
Number of days spent with poor mental health → Smoking relapse 0.02 0.01 .01
Perceived social support Katrina → Smoking relapse 0.13 0.10 .19
Education → Smoking relapse
 No high school degree REF
 High school graduate or equivalent 0.15 0.18 .39
 Some post-high school education −0.09 0.20 .66
 College graduate −0.57 0.26 .03
Household income → Smoking relapse
 > $80,000 REF
 $40,000–$80,000 −0.34 0.21 .10
 $20,000–$40,000 0.05 0.19 .80
 > $20,000 −0.24 0.27 .36
 Refused to answer −0.06 0.25 .81
Hurricane exposure x Number of days spent with poor mental health → Smoking relapse −0.04 0.01 .01
Moderated effects b
Hurricane exposure x Number of days spent with poor mental health → Smoking relapse
 Memphis REF
 New Orleans at 1SD below the average number of days spent with poor mental health 0.69 0.20 <.01
 New Orleans at 1SD above the average number of days spent with poor mental health 0.02 0.18 .89
Indirect effects b
Hurricane exposure → Depressive symptoms → Smoking relapse
 Memphis REF
 New Orleans 0.03 0.02 .23
Hurricane exposure → Posttraumatic stress symptoms → Smoking relapse
 Memphis REF
 New Orleans 0.02 0.01 .07
Disturbance variances and covariances
Depressive symptoms 112.34 4.94 <.01
Posttraumatic stress symptoms 4.49 0.28 <.01
Depressive symptoms Inline graphicPosttraumatic stress symptoms 7.69 0.74 <.01
R2
Depressive symptoms 0.26 0.03 <.01
Posttraumatic stress symptoms 0.11 0.02 <.01
Smoking relapse 0.15 0.05 <.01
a

44 cases were removed from the analyses (less than 2% missing from analyses).

b

Moderated effects were tested using simple slope analyses.

†

The model had excellent fit according to chi-square test of model fit (DF=2, XM2=0.36, p=.83), RMSEA (ε=0.00 [90% CI=0.00, 0.03]), CFI (1.00), and WRMR (0.08).