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. 2021 Oct 28;12:732939. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.732939

Table 2A.

Health conditions in adults with CP, by CP subtype, GMFCS level, CFCS level, and ID (n = 153).

Total Pain Gastrointestinal Psychiatric
GI total Upper GI Dysphagia Constipation Psychiatric total Depression Anxiety
Total 153 (100) 100 (65) 94 (61) 50 (33) 45 (29) 39 (26) 60 (39) 41 (27) 18 (12)
CP subtype p = 0.029* p < 0.001* p < 0.001* p < 0.001* p < 0.001* p = 0.378 p = 0.066 p = 0.021*
Unilateral 63 (41) 36 (57) 19 (30) 6 (10) 8 (13) 2 (3) 20 (32) 15 (24) 3 (5)
Bilateral 55 (36) 43 (78) 43 (78) 27 (49) 20 (36) 14 (26) 24 (44) 13 (24) 12 (22)
Dyskinetic 29 (19) 19 (66) 26 (90) 16 (55) 16 (55) 18 (62) 14 (48) 13 (45) 2 (7)
Ataxic 6 (4) 2 (33) 6 (100) 1 (17) 1 (17) 5 (83) 2 (33) 0 (0) 1 (17)
GMFCS level p = 0.407 p < 0.001* p < 0.001* p < 0.001* p < 0.001* p = 0.488 p = 0.142 p = 0.931
I 60 (39) 37 (62) 20 (33) 9 (15) 5 (8) 2 (3) 21 (35) 14 (23) 6 (10)
II 32 (21) 21 (66) 21 (66) 10 (31) 8 (25) 7 (22) 12 (38) 6 (19) 4 (13)
III 18 (12) 12 (67) 12 (67) 5 (28) 6 (33) 5 (28) 9 (50) 5 (28) 3 (17)
IV 26 (17) 18 (69) 24 (92) 16 (62) 12 (46) 11 (42) 12 (46) 11 (42) 4 (15)
V 17 (11) 12 (71) 17 (100) 10 (59) 14 (82) 14 (82) 6 (17) 5 (29) 1 (6)
CFCS level p = 0.021* p < 0.001* p = 0.006* p < 0.001* p < 0.001* p = 0.092 p = 0.282 p = 0.067
I 109 (71) 76 (70) 53 (49) 27 (25) 17 (16) 12 (11) 45 (41) 28 (26) 15 (14)
II 16 (11) 11 (69) 14 (88) 9 (56) 7 (44) 8 (50) 9 (56) 9 (56) 3 (19)
III 10 (7) 5 (50) 9 (90) 5 (50) 7 (70) 5 (50) 2 (20) 2 (20) 0 (0)
IV 10 (6) 5 (50) 10 (100) 4 (40) 9 (90) 6 (60) 3 (30) 2 (20) 0 (0)
V 8 (5) 3 (38) 8 (100) 5 (63) 5 (63) 8 (100) 1 (13) 0 (0) 0 (0)
ID p = 0.004* p < 0.001* p < 0.061 p < 0.001* p < 0.001* p = 0.692 p = 0.826 p = 0.365
IQ <70 34 (22) 15 (44) 32 (94) 16 (47) 21 (62) 23 (68) 12 (35) 8 (24) 2 (6)
IQ>70 119 (78) 85 (71) 62 (52) 34 (29) 24 (20) 16 (13) 48 (40) 33 (28) 16 (13)

Values are n (%).

*

Significant, p < 0.05. p-values refer to Fisher's exact test, for variation across subtypes or presence of ID and to Linear-by-linear Association across GMFCS or CFCS-levels. Percentages are the proportion of participants with the given subtype of CP, GMFCS level, CFCS level or ID, with a certain health condition. Missing data for hypertension at visit (n = 7). CP, cerebral palsy; GMFCS, gross motor function classification system; CFCS, communication function classification system; ID, intellectual disability; IQ, intelligence quotient; pain, recurring or consistent pain; GI, gastrointestinal tract; GI total, includes upper GI, dysphagia, constipation, and miscellaneous GI disorders; upper GI, gastroesophageal reflux and gastritis, psychiatric total includes depression, anxiety and miscellaneous psychiatric disorders.