FIGURE 5.

The potential mechanisms for exosomal BATF2 secretion into the circulation. (A) The process of released exosomes and shed microvesicles (SMVs) (containing BATF2 molecules) into the circulation. Early endosomal contents (proteins and nucleic acids) are either recycled to the plasma membrane (PM) or sequestered in intraluminal vesicles (ILVs), generated by the budding of the limiting membrane into the lumen of endosomes, within the larger large multivesicular bodies (MVBs). (B) Apoptotic or non-apoptotic dying cells result in the generation of apoptotic bodies (Abs). Microvesicles are shed from the blebbing PM or released from apoptotic cells. These vesicles are remnants of the degrading apoptotic cell with nuclear and cytoplasmic content (including BATF2 molecules).