TABLE 5.
Developmental trajectories: cognitive, language, and motor composite scores by groups and results.
| Preterm groups |
M(SD) Longitudinal (months) Bayley scores and statistical results |
|||||
| 4 m | 8 m | 12 m | 18 m | 24 m | p | |
|
| ||||||
| N total | 110 | 105 | 103 | 81 | 71 | |
| Extremely | (n = 32) | (n = 29) | (n = 28) | (n = 23) | (n = 17) | |
| Cognitive | 96.3 (16.3) | 89.1 (14.0) | 92.5 (17.9) | 91.7 (16.6) | 93.2 (17.6) | 0.533 |
| Language | 91.9 (9.6) | 91.9 (14.3) | 90.9 (14.5) | 90.4 (12.0) | 88.2 (16.4) | 0.743 |
| Motor | 97.5 (13.6)c | 87.7 (16.2)ab | 81.7 (21.9)a | 87.9 (22.8)ab | 92.0 (19.0)bc | <0.001 |
| Very | (n = 65) | (n = 61) | (n = 58) | (n = 46) | (n = 39) | |
| Cognitive | 94.2 (18.3) | 96.6 (14.1) | 99.2 (17.8) | 97.5 (14.3) | 95.3 (17.9) | 0.220 |
| Language | 89.3 (11.9)a | 93.2 (14.2)ab | 92.9 (15.8)ab | 96.7 (14.7)b | 91.8 (17.1)ab | 0.020 |
| Motor | 92.0 (18.5)ab | 87.5 (16.8)a | 92.5 (20.5)ab | 97.3 (20.5)b | 96.1 (17.4)b | 0.006 |
| Moderate/Late | (n = 13) | (n = 15) | (n = 17) | (n = 12) | (n = 15) | |
| Cognitive | 92.7 (14.1)a | 99.7 (14.3)ab | 101.8 (16.2)b | 91.3 (20.5)a | 96.7 (20.8)ab | 0.047 |
| Language | 93.4 (8.1) | 89.8 (15.5) | 95.2 (20.1) | 90.3 (16.4) | 92.4 (15.3) | 0.866 |
| Motor | 95.2 (13.4) | 88.7 (19.0) | 94.7 (19.6) | 95.4 (20.9) | 97.2 (18.6) | 0.641 |
M, mean; SD, standard deviation; Bayley average scores ≥ 90.0.
a,b,cGEE least significant difference: statistical significance is represented in the table using the letters “a,” “b,” and “c”: notice that if the letters differ between the two time points within a group (a and b/c), it is an indication that there is a statistically significant difference between the time points; however, if the letters remain the same between the time points (a, a, a or b, b, b or c, c), no statistically significant results were found for those time points; groups by time differences are described in the results section significance p < 0.050.