Table 3.
Adjusted association of baseline psychiatric condition category with subsequent educational outcomes by gender
| Gender/psychiatric condition category | Grade repetition | School dropout | Age-grade distortion (years) | Age-grade distortion (binary) | Literacy | Bullying perpetration | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | CI | OR | CI | IRR | CI | OR | CI | β | CI | OR | CI | |
| Females | ||||||||||||
| Any fear | 1.42 | [0.82, 2.46] | 0.37 | [0.09, 1.43] | 1.22 | [0.80, 1.87] | 1.33 | [0.72, 2.48] | −0.06 | [−0.17, 0.04] | 2.23 | [0.84, 5.94] |
| Any distress | 0.96 | [0.51, 1.81] | 1.61 | [0.48, 5.35] | 0.89 | [0.58, 1.36] | 0.85 | [0.43, 1.68] | −-0.04 | [−0.17, 0.08] | 2.08 | [0.79, 5.47] |
| Any externalising | 2.03* | [1.15, 3.58] | 0.59 | [0.16, 2.18] | 2.02** | [1.28, 3.17] | 2.88*** | [1.61, 5.14] | −0.23*** | [−0.34, −0.12] | 3.12** | [1.50, 6.51] |
| Males | ||||||||||||
| Any fear | 0.93 | [0.46, 1.87] | 2.76* | [1.06, 7.22] | 1.01 | [0.64, 1.60] | 1.25 | [0.72, 2.16] | −0.12 | [−0.24, 0.01] | 0.57 | [0.22, 1.52] |
| Any distress | 2.76** | [1.32, 5.78] | 3.16 | [0.79, 12.64] | 1.25 | [0.77, 2.05] | 1.85 | [0.92, 3.71] | 0.16 | [−0.01, 0.32] | 2.02 | [0.77, 5.33] |
| Any externalising | 1.66* | [1.05, 2.64] | 1.24 | [0.51, 3.01] | 1.39* | [1.06, 1.83] | 1.66* | [1.05, 2.62] | 0.00 | [−0.09, 0.09] | 1.36 | [0.74, 2.47] |
OR, odds ratio; CI, 95% confidence interval; IRR, incidence rate ratio.
Note: Models were weighted using IPWs for non-response in follow-up and propensity score weighting using condition categories as treatment variable, compared without any psychiatric condition. Covariates estimates can be found in the Supplementary material and includes baseline age, site, SEG, race/ethnicity and intelligence quotient, comorbidity with another condition category and baseline level of the specific outcome.
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.