Table 2.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cell endocannabinoids in psychotic disorders.
| Condition & treatment | n (cases/controls) | Cell type | Receptors | Metabolic enzymes | Greater symptom severity | Reference | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1CB1 | 1CB2 | 1Anandamide | 12-AG | |||||
| Mixed (treated & untreated) | ||||||||
| First-episode psychosis | 95/90 | PBMC | - | n.s. | ↓NAPE -PLD | ↓DAGL | ↓FAAH | Bioque et al., 2013 |
| ↑FAAH | ↑MAGL | |||||||
| Cannabis+ | 46/71 | ↓CB2 | ↓NAPE-PLD | ↓DAGL | ||||
| Cannabis− | 49/71 | n.s. | n.s. | ↓DAGL | ||||
| Untreated | ||||||||
| Schizophrenia | 35/35 | PBMC | ↑mRNA | ↑mRNA | - | - | ↑CB1 | Chase et al., 2016 |
| ↑CB2 | ||||||||
| Treated | ||||||||
| Schizophrenia | 162/94 | PBMC | ↑mRNA | - | - | - | - | Moretti et al., 2018 |
| Schizophrenia | 25/34 | PBMC | ↑mRNA | n.s.NAPE-PLD | n.s. DAGL | - | D’Addario et al., 2017 | |
| n.s. | n.s. FAAH | n.s. MAGL | ||||||
| mRNA | mRNA | mRNA | ||||||
| Schizophrenia | 55/48 | Neutrophils | ↑CB1 | ↑CB2 | - | - | - | de Campos-Carli et al., 2017 |
| Monocytes | ↑CB1 | ↑CB2 | - | - | ||||
| NK-cells | n.s. | ↑CB2 | - | - | ||||
| B-cells | ↓CB1 | ↓CB2 | - | - | ||||
| T cells CD8+ | n.s. | n.s. | - | - | ||||
| T cells CD4+ | ↑CB1 | n.s. | - | - | ||||
| Schizophrenia | 53/22 | Monocytes | n.s. | n.s. | - | - | Ferretjans et al., 2014 | |
| NK-cells | n.s. | n.s. | - | - | n.s. | |||
| B-cells | n.s. | n.s. | - | - | ||||
| T cells CD8+ | n.s. | n.s. | - | - | ||||
| T cells CD4+ | n.s. | n.s. | - | - | ||||
↑: higher; ↓: lower; n.s.: no significant difference from healthy controls; -: no available data;
Cannabis+: patients that met criteria for cannabis abuse or dependence;
Cannabis−: patients that did not meet criteria for cannabis abuse or dependence;
PBMC: Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells; 2-AG: 2-arachidonoyglycerol; NK-Cells: Natural Killer cells; NAPE-PLD: N-acyl Phosphatidylethanolamine Phospholipase D; FAAH: Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase; DAGL: Diacylglycerol Lipase; MAGL: Monoacylglycerol Lipase;
1
Note: result refers to protein levels unless otherwise indicated.