Table 3.
Cerebrospinal fluid endocannabinoids in psychotic disorders.
| Condition & treatment | n (cases/controls) | AEA | PEA | OEA | Greater symptom severity | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated | ||||||
| First-episode psychosis | 47/84 | ↑ | ↓ | n.s. | ↓ AEA | Giuffrida et al., 2004 |
| First-episode psychosis | 28/81 | ↑ | - | - | - | Reuter et al., 2017 |
| First-episode psychosis | 47/81 | Leweke et al., 2007 | ||||
| (cannabis >20 times) | 19/26 | n.s. | ↓ AEA | |||
| (cannabis <5 times) | 25/55 | ↑ | - | - | ↓ AEA | |
| Mixed (treated & untreated) | ||||||
| First-episode psychosis | 10/11 | ↑ | ↑ | n.s. | - | Leweke et al., 1999 |
| Treated | ||||||
| Schizophrenia (atypical AP) | 35/84 | ↑ | n.s. | - | - | Giuffrida et al., 2004 |
| Schizophrenia (typical AP) | 37/84 | n.s. | n.s. | - | - | Giuffrida et al., 2004 |
| Psychosis risk | ||||||
| Psychosis risk | 27/81 | ↑ | - | n.s. | ↓ AEA | Koethe et al., 2009 |
↑: higher; ↓: lower; n.s.: no significant difference from healthy controls; -: no available data;
AP: antipsychotics; AEA: anandamide; PEA: N-palmitoylethanolamide; OEA: N-olcoylethanolamide.