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. 2021 Nov 11;2(4):141–150. doi: 10.1016/j.hest.2021.11.003

Table 3.

Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage.

Patients Presenting with Respiratory Symptoms
Study Age, Sex Covid-19 Treatment Anticoagulation IPH Outcome
Ghani, et al.38 59, F Intubated Therapeutic Enoxaparin Frontal IPH with IVE Brain Death
Charra, et al.23 61, M Intubated Therapeutic Heparin Corpus Callosum Not reported
Chalil, et al.22 41, F Intubated Heparin Infusion Bilateral Parietal and Occipital IPH with IVE Rehabilitation with “severe” deficits
Khattar, et al.53 43, M Intubated Heparin Infusion Multiloculated IPH in Right Hemisphere Brain Death
Carroll, et al.19 62, M Intubated Heparin Infusion Multifocal IPH with IVE Brain Death
74, M Intubated Heparin Infusion Multi-lobar IPH Brain Death
Fayed, et al.36 57, F Intubated Heparin Infusion Right Frontal IPH Rehabilitation
Mousa-Ibrahim, et al.70 54, F Intubated Prophylactic LMWH Posterior fossa Brain Death
71, F Intubated Prophylactic LMWH Frontal Lobe Brain Death
Benger, et al.12 41, M Intubated Prophylactic LMWH Frontal Lobe mRS 4
50, M Intubated Prophylactic LMWH Frontal Lobe mRS 5
64, F Intubated Heparin Infusion Basal ganglia mRS 5
52, M Intubated Heparin Infusion Bilateral Multi-lobar IPH mRS 5
Zahid, et al.102 38, M ECMO Therapeutic Heparin Small sub-insular IPH IPH resolved
Heman-Ackah, et al.44 58, F ECMO Therapeutic Heparin Frontal (90 mL) Brain Death
46, M ECMO Therapeutic Heparin Frontal (118 mL) Brain Death
Motoie, et al.69 50, M ECMO Heparin Infusion Multifocal, Bilateral IPH’s Brain Death



Patients Presenting with Neurologic Symptoms
Study Age, Sex Relevant History Presenting Symptoms IPH Outcome
Benger, et al.12 54, F Warfarin for a history of DVT/PE Dysarthria, Hemiparesis Frontal Lobe mRS 5
Flores, et al.37 40, M Hypertension, Obesity Confusion and Somnolence Pons and Midbrain with IVE Brain Death
Thu, et al.94 72, M None Seizures, Loss of Smell Right Olfactory Gyrus Symptoms Resolved
Degeneffe, et al.30 72, M None
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    Repetitive falls

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    Necrotic Lesion in Corpus callosum (Stereotactic Biopsy, WHO grade IV)

 Post-operative IPH Brain Death
63, M On ASA
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    Seizure.

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    Right lobar cystic-necrotic lesion (Stereotactic Biopsy, WHO grade III)

 Post-operative IPH Brain Death
78, M Prostate Adenocarcinoma
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    Headaches, Confusion, Hemihypoesthesia

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    Focal Meningeal Enhancement (Meningeal Biopsy)

 Post-operative Occipital IPH Brain Death
Engert, et al.34 Day 1 of Life
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    Preterm labor at 33 weeks

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    Negative PCR test for Covid-19

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    Maternal serum test positive for IgG of S1-protein and N-protein

 Preterm labor Bilateral Cortical Hemorrhages Discharged with no Neurologic Deficits

Abbreviations: M = male, F = female, IPH = intraparenchymal hemorrhage, IVE = intraventricular extension, mRS = modified Rankin Score, WHO = World Health Organization, DVT/PE = deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism, LMWH = low molecular weight heparin