TABLE 3.

Differences in positive and negative emotional reactivity and positive and negative emotion regulation between three levels of engagement in sport.

	Non-athletes (n = 69) Group 1 Mean ± SD	Recreational athletes (n = 159) Group 2 Mean ± SD	Professional athletes (n = 91) Group 3 Mean ± SD	F	Post-hoc
					1 < 2**
OP	40.06 ± 12.26	45.26 ± 11.29	49.10 ± 11.162	11.80**	1 < 3**
					2 < 3*
					1 > 2*
ON	39.94 ± 11.80	36.11 ± 10.77	31.88 ± 8.48	11.68**	1 > 3**
					2 > 3**
					1 > 2
PR	9.28 ± 3.86	9.01 ± 3.73	9.09 ± 4.08	0.11	1 > 3
					2 < 3
					1 > 2*
NR	15.23 ± 4.58	13.25 ± 4.90	11.57 ± 4.33	11.66**	1 > 3**
					2 > 3*

OP, Overall Positive; ON, Overall Negative; PR, Positive Regulation; NR, Negative regulation; * and ** indicates statistical significance at alpha levels of 0.05 and 0.01, respectively.