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. 2021 Oct 20;13(21):5272. doi: 10.3390/cancers13215272

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Longitudinal follow-up of unresectable pancreatic cancer patients. (A) Changes in the level of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) and the number of CTC-C (circulating tumor cell (CTC) clusters) in patient S016 during the follow-up. An increase in the number of CTC-C was found 71 days before the evidence of progression with computed tomography. (B) Changes in the level of CA 19-9 and the number of CTC-C in patient S010 during the follow-up. S010 had the presence of CTC-C accompanying liver metastasis at baseline treatment-naïve status. CTC-C were not detected after starting chemotherapy; however, the number of CTC-C surged when the liver mass suddenly increased.