Table 2.
Mono- and bi-specific ATF-fusion recombinant toxins targeting the urokinase receptor in cancer.
| LT Name | Toxin | Origin of the Toxin | Additional Surface Target | Application | Model System | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DTAT | DT | Corynebacterium diphtheriae | / | Preclinical | Human GBM and HUVECs cells; Human GBM SC and IC xenograft models | [179,182] |
| DTAT13 | DT | Corynebacterium diphtheriae | IL-13Rα2 | Preclinical | Human GBM and HUVECs cells; Human GBM SC and IC xenograft models | [181,183] |
| DTATEGF | DT | Corynebacterium diphtheriae | EGFR | Preclinical | Human NSCLC cells; Human metastatic NSCLC IC xenograft model | [187] |
| eBAT | PE38 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | / | Preclinical | Human GBM, HUVECs, HNSCC, breast, ovarian, sarcoma and pediatric sarcoma cell lines; GBM SC and IC xenograft models; Adaptive dose-finding, phase I–II clinical trial for canine HSA | [191,192,195,196,197,199] |
| ATF-SAP | Saporin | Saponaria officinalis | / | Preclinical | Human bladder and triple negative breast cancer cell lines; bladder cancer SC xenograft models | [203,204,206,207] |
Abbreviations: GBM, glioblastoma multiforme; HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells; HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; HSA, hemangiosarcoma; SC, subcutaneous; IC, intracranial.