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. 2021 Nov 9;7(11):e29319. doi: 10.2196/29319

Table 2.

Characteristics of the participants (N=1084) in the web-based survey of health behaviors and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guideline adherence conducted in June-July 2020.

Variable Value Recode information
Age (years), mean (SD) 40.9 (13.4) None
Sex (assigned at birth), n (%) We created a combined sex and gender variable recoded to cisgender male if sex=“male” and gender=“man” and no other gender endorsed, cisgender female if sex=“female” and gender=“woman” and no other gender endorsed, and other for all other combinations.

Male 540 (49.8)

Female 536 (49.5)

Prefer not to answer 8 (0.7)
Gender (select all that apply), n (%) We created a combined sex and gender variable recoded to cisgender male if sex=“male” and gender=“man” and no other gender endorsed, cisgender female if sex=“female” and gender=“woman” and no other gender endorsed, and other for all other combinations.

Man 529 (48.8)

Woman 543 (50.1)

Nonbinary 6 (0.6)

Transgender 4 (0.4)

Other or prefer not to answer 9 (0.8)
Race (select all that apply), n (%) We created 4 race categories recoded to White if race=“White” and no other race endorsed, Black or African American if race=“Black or African American” and no other race endorsed, Asian if race=any of “Asian Indian | Chinese | Filipino | Japanese | Korean | Vietnamese | Other Asian” and no other race endorsed; and Other Race or More Than One for all other endorsed categories.

White 742 (68.5)

Black or African American 267 (24.6)

American Indian or Alaskan Native 26 (2.4)

Asian Indian 34 (3.1)

Chinese 31 (2.9)

Filipino 6 (0.5)

Japanese 3 (0.3)

Korean 7 (0.6)

Vietnamese 1 (0.1)

Other Asian 15 (1.4)

Native Hawaiian 2 (0.2)

Guamanian or Chamorro 1 (0.1)

Other Pacific Islander 5 (0.5)
Ethnicity (select all that apply), n (%) We dichotomized ethnicity to Not of Hispanic, Latino/Latina, or Spanish origin, and all other endorsed categories

Not of Hispanic, Latino/Latina, or Spanish Origin 808 (74.5)

Mexican, Mexican American, or Chicano/Chicana 76 (7.0)

Puerto Rican 42 (3.9)

Cuban 14 (1.3)

Another Hispanic, Latino/Latina, or Spanish origin 155 (14.3)
Education, n (%) None

College graduate 547 (50.5)

Some college 215 (19.8)

Professional degree 215 (19.8)

High school or lower 107 (9.9)
Annual household income, n (%) Eight ordered categories were treated continuously.

Less than US $25,000 123 (11.4)

US $25,000-$34,999 122 (11.3)

US $35,000-$49,999 152 (14.0)

US $50,000-$74,999 287 (26.5)

US $75,000-$99,999 188 (17.3)

US $100,000-$149,999 139 (12.8)

US $150,000-$199,999 39 (3.6)

US $200,000 and above 34 (3.1)
Household size 3.06 (1.33) None
Dwelling ownership (yes) 507 (46.8) None
Essential worker, n (%) Dichotomized to Yes and No or unsure.

No 641 (59.1)

Yes 388 (35.8)

Unsure 55 (5.1)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention adherence 2.20 (0.62) None
COVID-19 testing history, n (%) None

No test or unsure 805 (74.3)

Yes 279 (25.7)
COVID-19 test result (n=279), n (%) Either a positive nasal or blood test was recoded as a positive COVID-19 test result.

Negative 235 (84.2)

Positive 44 (15.8)
Substance use, n (%)

Cigarette use (past 7 days) Recoded from Timeline Followback


None 865 (79.8)


Nondaily (1-6 days) 66 (6.1)


Daily (7 days) 153 (14.1)

Electronic cigarette use (past 7 days), n (%) Recoded from Timeline Followback


None 995 (91.8)


Nondaily (1-6 days) 39 (3.6)


Daily (7 days) 50 (4.6)

Cannabis (past 7 days), n (%) Recoded from Timeline Followback. Includes use of any form of cannabis


None 973 (89.8)


Nondaily (1-6 days) 49 (4.5)


Daily (7 days) 62 (5.7)

Alcohol (past 7 days), n (%) Recoded from Timeline Followback


None 643 (59.3)


Nondaily (1-6 days) 356 (32.8)


Daily (7 days) 85 (7.8)

Opioids (past 7 days), n (%) Recoded from Timeline Followback. Includes use of any opioids


None 858 (79.2)


Nondaily (1-6 days) 180 (16.6)


Daily (7 days) 46 (4.2)

Stimulants (past 7 days), n (%) Recoded from Timeline Followback


None 1015 (93.6)


Nondaily (1-6 days) 42 (3.9)


Daily (7 days) 27 (2.5)