Table 1.

Mechanisms of action of natural products against OvCa cells.

Natural Product	Cell Type	Mechanism of Action	Reference
Piperine	OVCAR-3 cells	Induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and caspase activation and inhibits cell migration and the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway	[91]
Flavonoid	PA-1 cells	Decreases viability; induces apoptosis; decreases Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL; and increases caspase-3, caspase-9, Bid, Bad, Bax, and cytochrome c	[92]
Curcumin	Cisplatin-resistant OvCa cells	Induces G2/M cell-cycle arrest and increases apoptosis and phosphorylation of p53	[93]
RES	OVCAR-3 cells	Induces ROS generation and apoptosis and activates the autophagy pathway	[94]
Thymoquinone	SKOV-3 cells	Induces apoptosis by decreasing expression of Bcl-2 and increasing expression of Bax	[95]