Stat1 promotes cell death induction. (A) U3A and U3A-S1 cells were cultured in six-well dishes (106/well) and treated with TNF-α (50 ng/ml) for 12, 24, and 48 h. Cell viability was determined by trypan blue exclusion. Data reflect the average of three experiments. (B) 293T cells in six-well plates (3 × 105/well) received transient transfection with an empty vector (Mock), Stat1, TRADD, or Stat1 plus TRADD. Photographs were taken 30 h after transfection.