Table 4.
Gut microbiota variations induced by drug treatment
| Drug Treatment | Study Model | Gut Microbiota Variations Induced by Drug Treatment | Effects on Health |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rapamycin | Drosophila melanogaster93,94 | Bacterial load↓ Alphaproteobacteria↓ |
Prolongs lifespan and promotes a healthy lifespan |
| Mice95 | Segmented filamentous bacteria↑ | ||
| Metformin | Rats96,97 | Lactobacillus, Verrucomicrobia↑ | |
| Mice97 | Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Akkermansia, Bacteroide↑ | ||
| Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients98,99 |
Intestinibacter↓ Escherichia, A. muciniphila, Akkermansia muciniphila, butyrate-producing bacteria (Butyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Megasphaera)↑ |
||
| Resveratrol | Rats100,101 |
Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes, Enterococcus faecalis↓ Intestinal microbial diversity, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium↑ |
|
| Mice101–104 |
Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes↓ Intestinal microbial diversity, Bacteroidetes, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia↑ |
||
| Acarbose | Mice105 |
Bacteroides↓ Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus↑ |
|
| T2D patients106,107 |
Bacteroides↓ Bifidobacterium(Bifidobacterium longum), Eubacterium, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus faecalis ↑ |
||
| Spermidine | Mice108 | SCFA-producing bacteria Lachnospiraceae NK4A136↑ | |
| Aspirin | Mice109 | Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus↑ |
(↑, increase; ↓, decrease)