Table 1.
Sample characteristics at baseline stratified by racial residential category.
| Racial Residential Segregation 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Segregated n = 2603 (56.4%) | Not Segregated n = 2013 (43.6%) |
| Age, mean (SD), (y) | 75.91 (6.44) | 75.52 (6.47) |
| Educational level, mean (SD), (y) | 9.21 (4.80) | 11.42 (4.98) |
| Women, No. (%) | 1804 (69.30) | 1310 (65.08) |
| Race/ethnicity, No. (%) | ||
| Hispanic/Latino | 1322 (50.79) | 742 (36.86) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 938 (36.04) | 468 (23.25) |
| Non-Hispanic White | 343 (13.18) | 803 (39.89) |
| Tested in English, No. (%) | 1348 (51.79) | 1337 (66.42) |
| CSES, mean (SD) | −0.091 (0.644) | 0.083 (0.653) |
| Occupation, No. (%) | ||
| Low | 1511 (58.05) | 823 (40.88) |
| Middle | 543 (20.86) | 454 (22.55) |
| High | 424 (16.29) | 648 (32.19) |
| Not reported | 125 (4.80) | 88 (4.37) |
| Birthplace, No. (%) | ||
| USA | 910 (34.96) | 810 (40.24) |
| Puerto Rico | 119 (4.57) | 70 (3.48) |
| Dominican Republic | 794 (30.50) | 347 (17.24) |
| Not reported | 780 (29.97) | 786 (39.05) |
| Cohort, No. (%) | ||
| 1992 | 679 (26.09) | 505 (25.09) |
| 1998 | 964 (37.03) | 717 (35.62) |
| 2009 | 960 (36.88) | 791 (39.29) |
| Area poverty level, mean (SD) | 0.267 (0.118) | 0.212 (0.130) |
| CVD count, mean (SD) | 1.240 (0.932) | 1.088 (0.927) |
| Cognitive scores 2, mean (SD) | ||
| Memory | 0.009 (0.821) | 0.245 (0.850) |
| Language | −0.033 (0.700) | 0.299 (0.769) |
| Visuospatial abilities | 0.054 (0.687) | 0.327 (0.657) |
| Incident dementia 2, No. (%) | 412 (18.9) | 325 (13.7%) |
1 Segregation classification for the descriptive table was determined by combining all seven segregation indices in the following manner: segregated area was area with low interaction and high dissimilarity and high isolation; 2 note that the sample sizes vary for each outcome; abbreviations: cSES = childhood socioeconomic status; CVD = cardiovascular disease.