Table 5.
Transmission mechanism test.
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intermediary Effect | Technological Innovation | Industrial Structure | Energy Consumption | ||||
| Explained Variable | lnPM2.5 | lnPATENT | lnPM2.5 | lnIND | lnPM2.5 | lnPELE | lnPM2.5 |
| LCCP | −0.1429 *** | 0.3534 *** | −0.1634 *** | 0.5445 *** | −0.124 *** | −0.1967 *** | −0.1371 *** |
| (0.0274) | (0.0252) | (0.0281) | (0.136) | (0.0271) | (0.05) | (0.0275) | |
| M | −0.058 *** | −0.3474 *** | 0.0294 *** | ||||
| (0.0178) | (0.0326) | (0.009) | |||||
| Control | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Cons | 2.3001 *** | −0.4538 *** | 2.3270 *** | 4.9035 *** | 4.0044 *** | 207,813 *** | −5.1346 *** |
| (0.1873) | (0.172) | (0.054) | (0.093) | (0.2441) | (0.3414) | (0.225) | |
| Sobel | 0.0205 | −0.0189 | −0.0058 | ||||
| (Z = 3.165, p = 0.0015) | (Z = −3.749, p = 0.000) | (Z = −2.517, p = 0.0118) | |||||
| Bootstrap test | 0.1634 | 0.124 | 0.1371 | ||||
| (direct effect) | (Z = −5.8112, p = 0.000) | (Z = −0.0271, p = 0.000) | (Z = −4.9945, p = 0.000) | ||||
| Bootstrap test | 0.0205 | 0.0189 | 0.0059 | ||||
| (indirect effect) | (Z = 3.165, p = 0.0015) | (Z = −3.749, p = 0.000) | (Z = −2.517, p = 0.0118) | ||||
| Indirect effect proportion | 14.36% | 13.23% | 4.06% | ||||
| R2 | 0.3143 | 0.8872 | 0.3163 | 0.2942 | 0.3347 | 0.5967 | 0.3163 |
Note: *** indicates significance at the 1% level. Standard errors are in parentheses.