Table 1.
Sampling time and weather conditions at three sampling sites in Kunming.
| Season | Sampling Time | Sampling Sites | Weather | Wind Speed (m·s−1) | Concentration of PM2.5 (μg·m−3, Mean ± SD, n = 3) | Air Temperature (°C) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WM | JDM | DR | ||||||
| Spring | 4/18/2013-4/19/2013, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Cloudy | 7.25 | 162.32 ± 46.36 | 18.00 |
| 4/19/2013-4/20/2013, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Cloudy | 7.77 | 267.42 ± 127.15 | 18.00 | |
| 4/20/2013-4/21/2013, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Clear | 4.78 | 242.5 6± 64.67 | 20.50 | |
| 4/21/2013-4/22/2013, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Clear | 6.67 | 244.74 ± 41.35 | 20.50 | |
| 4/22/2013-4/23/2013, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Clear | 8.01 | 293.83 ± 32.78 | 20.50 | |
| 4/23/2013-4/24/2013, (23 ± 1 h) | N | N | Y | Clear | 6.71 | 232.44 | 21.00 | |
| 4/24/2013-4/25/2013, (23 ± 1 h) | N | N | Y | Cloudy | 6.82 | 187.80 | 21.00 | |
| Summer | 5/21/2014-5/22/2014, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Shower | 8.72 | 101.02 ± 4.00 | 22.50 |
| 5/22/2014-5/23/2014, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Shower | 7.38 | 117.67 ± 46.90 | 21.50 | |
| 5/23/2014-5/24/2014, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Shower | 7.29 | 158.44 ± 84.00 | 22.00 | |
| 5/24/2014-5/25/2014, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Cloudy | 6.80 | 109.13 ± 51.28 | 21.50 | |
| 5/25/2014-5/26/2014, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Cloudy | 7.06 | 79.69 ± 8.13 | 22.00 | |
| 5/26/2014-5/27/2014, (23 ± 1 h) | N | N | Y | Shower | 2.95 | 53.62 | 22.00 | |
| 5/27/2014-5/28/2014, (23 ± 1 h) | N | N | Y | Shower | 4.25 | 50.65 | 21.50 | |
| Autumn | 10/23/2013-10/24/2013, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Moderate rain | 5.36 | 47.49 ± 17.41 | 13.50 |
| 10/24/2013-10/25/2013, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Light rain | 2.91 | 85.37 ± 35.01 | 13.50 | |
| 10/25/2013-10/26/2013, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Cloudy | 2.28 | 122.62 ± 45.62 | 13.00 | |
| 10/26/2013-10/27/2013, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Cloudy | 2.95 | 89.31 ± 21.79 | 12.50 | |
| 10/27/2013-10/28/2013, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Shower | 3.67 | 51.79 ± 15.95 | 12.00 | |
| 10/28/2013-10/29/2013, (23 ± 1 h) | N | N | Y | Shower | 4.92 | 26.67 | 13.00 | |
| 10/29/2013-10/30/2013, (23 ± 1 h) | N | N | Y | Shower | 4.78 | 54.08 | 14.00 | |
| Winter | 1/9/2014-1/10/2014, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Clear | 5.50 | 101.42 ± 46.56 | 8.50 |
| 1/10/2014-1/11/2014, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Clear | 8.09 | 131.08 ± 74.13 | 11.50 | |
| 1/11/2014-1/12/2014, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Clear | 6.88 | 127.56 ± 69.12 | 10.50 | |
| 1/12/2014-1/13/2014, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Clear | 4.83 | 67.16 ± 1.72 | 9.50 | |
| 1/13/2014-1/14/2014, (23 ± 1 h) | Y | Y | Y | Sleet | 4.25 | 152.41 ± 40.89 | 4.00 | |
| 1/14/2014-1/15/2014, (23 ± 1 h) | N | N | Y | Cloudy | 4.47 | 132.29 | 7.00 | |
| 1/15/2014-1/16/2014, (23 ± 1 h) | N | N | Y | Cloudy | 6.93 | 113.70 | 7.50 | |
WM: West Mountain, Clean reference sampling site; JDM: Jinding Mountain, Industrial sampling site; DR: Dongfeng East Road, Traffic-intensive sampling site; m·s−1: Speed unit, expressed in meters per second; μg·m−3: Concentration unit, indicating the number of micrograms per cubic meter; SD: Standard deviation; n: Number of samples; °C: Degree Celsius; h: Hour; Y: Sampling; N: No sampling.