. 2021 Nov 6;18(21):11656. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111656

Table 2.

Descriptive statistics and changes in psychological distress between T1 and T2.

	T1 ²		T2 ³		T	p	Cohen’s d ES ⁴
	M	SD	M	SD	T	p	Cohen’s d ES ⁴
DASS ¹—Depression	8.97	7.01	8.59	7.25	1.975	0.049	0.066
DASS ¹—Anxiety	3.90	4.53	3.75	4.62	1.289	0.198	0.043
DASS ¹—Stress	9.52	5.62	9.42	5.82	0.639	0.523	0.021
DASS ¹—Total Score	20.40	13.80	19.98	14.39	1.170	0.243	0.039

¹ DASS, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale; ² T1, First phase of the COVID-19 outbreak (period of national lockdown, between 7 and 24 April 2020); ³ T2, second phase (when the restrictive measures, between 18 and 31 May 2020); ⁴ ES, effect size.