AdoCbl	5′-deoxyadenosylcobalamin
Akt	Protein kinase B
ARE	Antioxidant-responsive element
ADP	Adenosine diphosphate
AMPK	AMP-dependent kinase
ATP	Adenosine triphosphate
AZ	Alzheimer’s disease
BBB	Blood-brain-barrier
Bcl-2	B-cell lymphoma 2
C8	Octanoic acid
C10	Decanoic acid
cAMP	Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CAT	Catalase
CCCP	Carbonyl cyanide-m-chlorophenyl-hydrazine
CNS	Central nervous system
CoQ10	Coenzyme Q10
Complex I	NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase
Complex II	Succinate dehydrogenase
Complex III	Ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase
Complex IV	Cytochrome c oxidase
Complex V	ATP synthase
CREB	cAMP response element-binding protein
CS	Citrate synthase
CSF	Cerebrospinal fluid
CβE	Conduritol-β-epoxide
DMF	Dimethyl fumarate
DUB	Deubiquitinase
ETC	Electron transport chain
FAE	Fumaric acid esters
FCCP	4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone
GCase	Glucocerebrosidase
GD	Gaucher disease
GPx	Glutathione peroxidase
GSH	Glutathione
H2O2	Hydrogen peroxide
HNE	4-hydroxyl-2-nonenal
HO-1	Heme oxygenase-1
IMD	Inherited metabolic disorder
iPSC	Induced pluripotent stem cell
KD	Ketogenic diet
Keap1	Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1
KO	Knockout
LDH	Lactate dehydrogenase
LSD	Lysosomal storage disorder
MA	Malonic acid
MCA	2-methylcitrate
MCT	Medium chain triglyceride
MEF2C	Myocyte enhancer factor 2
MMA	Methylmalonic acid
MMAemia	Methylmalonic acidaemia
MMF	Monomethylfumarate
MMUT	L-methylmalonyl-CoA mutase
MnSOD	Manganese superoxide dismutase
MPS	Mucopolysaccharidosis
MPTP	1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6,-tetrahydropyridine
mPTP	Mitochondrial permeability transition pore
MRC	Mitochondrial respiratory chain
mRNA	Messenger RNA
MS	Multiple sclerosis
mtDNA	Mitochondrial DNA
NAD+	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NCD	Non-communicable disease
NPC	Niemann Pick Type C
Nrf1	Nuclear respiratory factor 1
Nrf2	Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor
NQO1	NADH quinone oxidoreductase
OMM	Outer mitochondrial membrane
OS	Oxidative stress
OXPHOS	Oxidative phosphorylation
PCA	Protocatechuic acid
PD	Parkinson’s disease
PGC1α	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha
PINK1	PTEN-induced kinase 1
PPARγ	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
PPQ	Pyrroloquinoline quinone
PTEN	Phosphatase and tensin homolog
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
RNS	Reactive nitrogen species
SAM	Senescence-accelerated mouse
Ser/Thr	Serine/threonine
SIRT	Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog
SNpc	Substantia nigra pars compacta
SOD	Superoxide dismutase
TCA cycle	Tricarboxylic acid cycle
TFEB	Transcription factor EB
TZD	Thiazolidinedione
UPS	Ubiquitin-proteasome system
USP	Ubiquitin-specific peptidase
VDAC1	Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel 1
ΔΨm	Mitochondrial membrane potential
βHB	β-hydroxybutyrate