Table 3.
Multinomial regression for predicting PTSD and CPTSD by pessimistic and non-judgemental fatalism in Ghana and Nigeria
| 95% Confidence interval for Exp (β) |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diagnosis | Variable | b | SE | Wald | Sig | Exp (β) | Lower bound | Upper bound |
| PTSD (reference group = no probable diagnosis) | Intercept | .058 | ||||||
| Age | −.01 | .01 | 1.80 | .180 | .989 | .972 | 1.005 | |
| Education | 1.22 | 1.07 | 1.29 | .256 | 1.01 | .413 | 1.21 | |
| Gender (male) | −.01 | .14 | .00 | .974 | .995 | .752 | 1.318 | |
| Country (Ghana) | −.12 | .15 | .58 | .447 | .890 | .659 | 1.202 | |
| Stressful life events | .22 | .02 | 88.45 | .000 | 1.250 | 1.193 | 1.310 | |
| Pessimistic fatalism | .09 | .08 | 1.12 | .290 | 1.093 | .927 | 1.290 | |
| Non-judgemental fatalism | .12 | .07 | 2.60 | .117 | 1.125 | .975 | 1.298 | |
| CPTSD (reference group = no probable diagnosis) | Intercept | .000 | ||||||
| Age | −.01 | .01 | .927 | .336 | .989 | .968 | 1.011 | |
| Education | .04 | .31 | .013 | .909 | 1.036 | .566 | 1.897 | |
| Gender (male) | −.36 | .18 | 4.21 | .040 | .697 | .493 | .984 | |
| Country (Ghana) | .11 | .18 | .36 | .549 | 1.116 | .779 | 1.600 | |
| Stressful life events | .29 | .03 | 110.12 | .000 | 1.336 | 1.265 | 1.410 | |
| Pessimistic fatalism | .52 | .11 | 23.18 | .000 | 1.673 | 1.357 | 2.063 | |
| Non-judgemental fatalism | .30 | .09 | 12.47 | .000 | 1.356 | 1.145 | 1.605 | |
| CPTSD (reference group = PTSD probable diagnosis) | Intercept | .000 | ||||||
| Age | .00 | .01 | .004 | .949 | 1.001 | .977 | 1.025 | |
| Education | −.07 | .34 | .37 | .848 | .937 | .481 | 1.184 | |
| Gender (male) | −.36 | .20 | 3.33 | .068 | .700 | .477 | 1.027 | |
| Country (Ghana) | .23 | .21 | 1.20 | .273 | 1.254 | .837 | 1.880 | |
| Stressful life events | .07 | .03 | 5.69 | .017 | 1.068 | 1.012 | 1.128 | |
| Pessimistic fatalism | .43 | .12 | 12.94 | .000 | 1.530 | 1.213 | 1.929 | |
| Non-judgemental fatalism | .19 | .10 | 3.33 | .049 | 1.21 | .998 | 1.455 | |
Note: Standard errors and Wald’s values, P-values (Sig.) and odd ratios (Exp (β)), plus 95% confidence intervals. P-values <0.05 are significant. Diagnosis is outcome variable with three levels.
Bold letters mean statistical significance.