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. 2021 Oct 25;22(21):11475. doi: 10.3390/ijms222111475

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The role of cholesterol in regulating the entry of SARS-CoV-2. HDL-scavenger receptor B type 1 (SR-B1) facilitates SARS-CoV-2 entry in an ACE2-dependent manner. Accumulation of lipid droplets is a marked characteristic of SARS-CoV-2 infected cells. 25HC depletes accessible cholesterol from plasma membrane by stimulating the ER-localized ACAT, thus suppressing membrane fusion of SARS-CoV-2. HDL, high-density lipoprotein; SR-B1, scavenger receptor B type 1; ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; 25HC, 25-hydroxycholesterol; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; ACAT, acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase.