Table 3.
Adult neurogenesis in the hypothalamus.
| Species | Age/ Sex |
Manipulation/ Treatment |
Proliferation/ Differentiation |
Maturation/ Survival |
Protein/Gene/ Growth Factor |
Function | Effect on the Hypothalamus | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rat | 3 months/males | Untreated | BrdU and DXC | NeuN and DARPP-3 |
Agouti-related peptide | Orexigenic agent | Increases proliferation | [23] |
| C57Bl/6 and CD-1 mice | P21 and P42 males and females |
Untreated | Notch 1 and 2 | Crucial pathway to maintain NSC behavior | These proteins are expressed in the niche | [115] | ||
| C57BL/6 | 3-month-old | Chronic high-fat-diet feeding | BrdU | Tuj1/NeuN | IKKβ/NF-κB | Controls cell survival, growth, apoptosis and differentiation | Activated when neurogenesis is inhibited | [116] |
| C57BL/6 | 3-month-old | Chronic high-fat-diet feeding | BrdU | Tuj1/NeuN | Sox 2 | Involved in pluripotency | It is expressed in neurospheres derived from the hypothalamus |
[116] |
| C57BL/6 | 3-month-old | Chronic high-fat-diet feeding | BrdU | Tuj1/NeuN | ARC | Intermediary gene expressed in cells with the capacity of firing | It is expressed in neurospheres derived from the hypothalamus | [116] |
| C57Bl/6 and CD-1 mice | P21 and P42 males and females |
Untreated | Sox 9 | Is a crucial factor for the induction of proliferation and maintenance of the neurogenic pool | It is expressed in the niche | [115] | ||
| C57Bl/6 and CD-1 mice | P21 and P42 males and females |
Untreated | Hes 1 | It is a protein that controls the proper timing of neurogenesis and morphogenesis | It is expressed in the niche | [115] | ||
| C57Bl/6 and CD-1 mice | P21 and P42 males and females |
Untreatment | CD63 | Participates in modulating the formation of new neurons | It is expressed in the niche | [115] | ||
| C57Bl/6 and CD-1 mice | P21 and P42 males and females |
Untreated | FZD5 | Plays a key role in regulating the cell fate commitment | It is expressed in the niche | [115] | ||
| C57Bl/6 and CD-1 mice | P21 and P42 males and females |
Untreated | NTrk-2T1 | Surface protein involved in proliferation | It is expressed in the niche | [115] | ||
| C57Bl/6 and CD-1 mice | P21 and P42 males and females |
Untreated | Thrsp | Thyroid hormone-responsive gene | It is expressed in the niche | [115] | ||
| Mice | P19 | High-fat diet | BrdU i.p. Nestin |
Hu | Progenitor cells marker | Expressed in tanycytes | [107] | |
| Wistar Rats | 2 months old | Microdoses of IGF-I administered with minipumps | BrdU | vimentin | IGF-I | Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). | Participates in proliferation, differentiation and survival | [104] |