Figure 4.

Effect of naringenin on ethanol-induced oxidative stress. The levels of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and, GSH and SOD in the stomach homogenate (A–D) and the serum (E–H) were elevated by ulcer induction and lowered by pretreatment with the naringenin. The vehicle (10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 90% glyceryl trioctanoate), naringenin (Nar, 10 and 20 mg/kg) and omeprazole (OMEP, 20 mg/kg; used as a positive control) were given orally for a period of 3 days. After fasting for 12 h prior to the experiment, mice were fed orally with ethanol (0.5 mL/100 g body weight) to induce the acute ulcer. After 4 h, mice were sacrificed. The data obtained from individual animal samples per group were averaged (n = 6); values represent mean ± standard deviation (SD). Statistical comparison was analyzed by a one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. Bars not sharing a common letter represent a statistically significant difference from each other (p < 0.05). In the normal control group, the mice only received vehicle (Normal). Nor, normal; V, vehicle.