Table 1.
Characteristics of 40–60-year-old women of Nuevo Leon State, Mexico.
| Variable | No MetS n = 161 |
MetS n = 215 |
p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 49.6 ± 5.4 | 50.7 ± 5.4 | 0.035 |
| Stage | |||
| Group 1: Reproductive/Menopausal transition (%) | 45.3 | 34.0 | 1.00 |
| Group 2: Postmenopausal (%) | 54.7 | 66.0 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.8 ± 4.7 | 31.5 ± 5.8 | <0.001 |
| Normal (%) | 41.6 | 9.3 | |
| Overweight (%) | 37.9 | 34.0 | |
| Obesity (%) | 20.5 | 56.7 | |
| BMD dual femur (g/cm2) | 0.97 ± 0.13 | 1.02 ± 0.13 | <0.001 |
| Normal (%) | 79.5 | 85.1 | |
| Osteopenia (%) | 18.6 | 14.4 | |
| Osteoporosis (%) | 1.8 | 0.5 | |
| BMD lumbar spine (g/cm2) | 1.12 ± 0.15 | 1.13 ± 0.16 | 0.66 |
| Normal (%) | 65.8 | 59.5 | |
| Osteopenia (%) | 27.3 | 35.8 | |
| Osteoporosis (%) | 6.8 | 4.7 | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 85.0 ± 11.9 | 98.1 ± 12.0 | <0.001 |
| Fasting glycaemia level (mg/dL) | 90.1 ± 10.9 | 110.8 ± 46.6 | <0.001 |
| Triglyceride level (mg/dL) | 110.5 ± 46.3 | 178.9 ± 91.7 | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 40.5 ± 13.7 | 34.5 ± 9.2 | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 109.3 ± 10.5 | 123.8 ± 15.5 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 68.8 ± 9.2 | 77.6 ± 11.5 | <0.001 |
| Medical Treatment | |||
| Diabetes (%) | 0.6 | 14.9 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension (%) | 1.9 | 20.9 | <0.001 |
| Hypertriglyceridemia (%) | 0.0 | 2.3 | <0.001 |
| Hypoalphalipoproteinemia (%) | 1.9 | 9.8 | <0.001 |
| Smoking habit (%) | 6.8 | 6.5 | 0.55 |
| Number of children | 2.4 ± 1.1 | 2.7 ± 1.3 | 0.05 |
Abbreviations: BMD: bone mineral density; BMI: body mass index; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; MetS: metabolic syndrome. Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or as prevalences (%). Differences were calculated by Student’s t-test (numerical variables) or Chi-squared test (categorical variables). Significance at p < 0.05.