Table 1.

Patient, intervention/exposure, comparator, outcome, study design (PICOS) criteria for inclusion and exclusion of studies.

Parameter	Inclusion Criteria	Exclusion Criteria
Population	Healthy adults	Children and adolescents, individuals with any specific physical health problems, intellectual disabilities, eating disorders, or neurological disorders
Intervention/exposure	Participants assessed during vitamin D supplementation	Combined multiple nutrients supplemented
Comparison	Influence on a mental health outcomes assessed while compared with baseline/placebo/various doses and regimens	Lack of comparison
Outcome	Any aspect of mental health associated with any area of the broad spectrum of general mental health	Patients assessed for cognitive function
Study design	Peer-reviewed articles published in English, including: randomized controlled trials, randomized crossover trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies	Articles not published in English, reviews, meta-analyses, expert opinions, letters to editor, comments, studies in animal models, methodological articles, case reports, and conference reports