Table 1.
Distribution of socio-demographic, clinical, and care-related characteristics according to gender. Incident hemodialysis patients from RRDTL Lazio Region (Italy) 2008–2018.
| GENDER | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MALE | FEMALE | Total | p-Value * | ||||
| n | % | n | % | n | |||
| Total | 5868 | 100.0 | 3200 | 100.0 | 9068 | ||
| Age class | (years) | 0.003 | |||||
| 18–49 | 714 | 12.2 | 380 | 11.9 | 1094 | ||
| 50–64 | 1260 | 21.5 | 674 | 21.1 | 1934 | ||
| 65–74 | 1595 | 27.2 | 793 | 24.8 | 2388 | ||
| 75–84 | 1816 | 31.0 | 1021 | 31.9 | 2837 | ||
| 85+ | 483 | 8.2 | 332 | 10.4 | 815 | ||
| Age (years) mean ± std | 5868 | 68.1 ± 14.1 | 3200 | 68.5 ± 14.7 | 9068 | 0.124 | |
| Education qualification | <0.001 | ||||||
| No qualifications/Elementary School/Middle School | 3627 | 61.8 | 2353 | 73.5 | 5980 | ||
| High School/Degree and more | 2241 | 38.2 | >847 | >26.5 | >3088 | ||
| Body Mass Index | <0.001 | ||||||
| Underweight (BMI < 18.0) | 208 | 3.5 | 283 | 8.8 | 491 | ||
| Normal weight (18.0 ≤ BMI < 25.0) | 3071 | 52.3 | 1561 | 48.8 | 4632 | ||
| Overweight (25.0 ≤ BMI < 30.0) | 1884 | 32.1 | 797 | 24.9 | 2681 | ||
| Obese (BMI ≥ 30.0) | >705 | >12.0 | >559 | >17.5 | >1264 | ||
| Self-sufficient | <0.001 | ||||||
| Complete | 2955 | 50.4 | 1289 | 40.3 | 4244 | ||
| Little self-sufficient | 1692 | 28.8 | 943 | 29.5 | 2635 | ||
| Not self-sufficient | 1221 | 20.8 | 968 | 30.3 | 2189 | ||
| Comorbidities | |||||||
| Heart disease | 2313 | 39.4 | 980 | 30.6 | 3293 | <0.001 | |
| Peripheral vascular diseases | 988 | 16.8 | 335 | 10.5 | 1323 | <0.001 | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 866 | 14.8 | 385 | 12.0 | 1251 | <0.001 | |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 915 | 15.6 | 372 | 11.6 | 1287 | <0.001 | |
| Cancer | 770 | 13.1 | 336 | 10.5 | 1106 | <0.001 | |
| Lipid metabolism’s alteration | 392 | 6.7 | 226 | 7.1 | 618 | 0.490 | |
| Neurological disease | 159 | 2.7 | 126 | 3.9 | 285 | 0.001 | |
| Cardiovascular Risk Factors (Hypertension, Obesity, Diabetes) | 4516 | 77.0 | 2545 | 79.5 | 7061 | 0.005 | |
| Vascular access | <0.001 | ||||||
| AVF | 3078 | 52.5 | 1344 | 42.0 | 4422 | ||
| CVC | >2790 | >47.6 | >1856 | >58.0 | >4646 | ||
| Type of dialysis unit | 0.653 | ||||||
| Public | 2201 | 37.5 | 1185 | 37.0 | 3386 | ||
| Private | 3667 | 62.5 | 2015 | 63.0 | 5682 | ||
| Pre-dialysis counselling | 0.052 | ||||||
| Yes | 4386 | 74.7 | 2448 | 76.5 | 6834 | ||
| No | 1482 | 25.3 | 750 | 23.4 | 2232 | ||
| Laboratory findings, mean ± std | n | mean ± std | n | mean ± std | Total | p-value | |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 5849 | 7.0 ± 2.3 | 3195 | 6.2 ± 2.0 | 9044 | <0.001 | |
| Hb (g/dL) | 5865 | 10.3 ± 1.4 | 3198 | 10.1 ± 1.4 | 9063 | <0.001 | |
| CPK (U/L) | 5868 | 8.7 ± 0.8 | 3200 | 8.7 ± 0.8 | 9068 | 0.009 | |
| Serum phosphate level (mg/dL) | 5822 | 5.0 ± 1.4 | 3169 | 5.0 ± 1.4 | 8991 | 0.023 | |
| Serum albumin (g/L) | 5840 | 3.6 ± 0.5 | 3185 | 3.5 ± 0.5 | 9025 | <0.001 | |
* Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact for categorical variable. t-test or Wilcoxon rank sum test for continuous variables. BMI, body mass index; AVF, arteriovenous fistula; CVC, central venous catheter; Hb, hemoglobin; CPK, creatine phosphokinase.