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Representative fluorescent live/dead staining of L929 fibroblasts cultured on sample surfaces for 24 h. A titanium-based alloy was used as negative control (N. C.) and pure copper was used as a positive control (P. C.). Green fluorescence represents living fibroblasts stained with calcein-AM, and red fluorescence represents apoptotic cells with compromised membrane integrity, stained with PI. (magnification 100×; scale bar = 200 μm).
