Table 2.
Clinical factors associated with COVID-19-related pneumonia.
| Factor | Pneumonia | p | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| With Pneumonia (n = 156) |
Without Pneumonia (n = 1127) |
|||
| Age (months) | 18.0 (6.0; 84.5) | 86.0 (20.0; 160.0) | <0.0001 | 0.99 (0.98–0.99) |
| Sex | M: 89 (57) F: 67 (43) |
M: 561 (50) F: 566 (50) |
0.08 | - |
| Fever (>38.5 °C) | 103 (66) | 494 (44) | <0.0001 | 1.48 (1.17–1.88) |
| Cough | 79 (51) | 338 (30) | <0.0001 | 2.06 (1.47–2.88) |
| Gastrointestinal symptoms | 46 (29) | 249 (22) | 0.04 | 1.47 (1.01–2.14) |
| Leukocyte count (103/μL) | 8.9 (6.4; 12.6) | 7.4 (5.3; 10.9) | 0.0005 | - |
| CRP (mg/L) | 6.0 (2.4; 27.8) | 3.0 (0.7; 10.6) | <0.0001 | 1.01 (1.01–1.01) |
| Interleukin-6 (pg/mL) | 8.9 (2.8; 43.6) | 4.5 (2.2; 9.9) | 0.02 | - |
| D-dimer (ng/mL) | 451.0 (230.0; 980.0) | 311.0 (205.0; 486.2) | 0.0004 | - |
| ALT (IU/L) | 22.0 (15.3; 34.7) | 17.0 (13.0; 25.0) | <0.0001 | - |
| AST (IU/L) | 41.0 (30.0; 53.0) | 32.0 (24.0; 42.0) | <0.0001 | - |
| Comorbidities * | 36 (23) | 232 (21) | 0.47 | - |
Data are presented as the median (IQR) or n (%), as appropriate. ALT—alanine aminotransferase; AST—aspartate aminotransferase; CI—confidence interval; CRP—C-reactive protein; and OR—odds ratio. * Comorbidities included: bronchial asthma, cardiovascular disease, immunodeficiency, obesity, diabetes, arterial hypertension and other.