Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| All |
DHR to penicillins |
DHR to cephalosporins |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 175 | N = 152 | N = 23 | |
| Demographics | |||
| Age | 47.0 (32.0; 62.0) | 46.0 (29.0; 61.8) | 49.0 (40.0; 68.0) |
| Gender (female) | 111 (63.4%) | 98 (64.5%) | 13 (56.5%) |
| Type of DHR | |||
| Anaphylaxis/acute urticaria | 45 (25.7%) | 33 (21.7%) | 12 (52.2%) |
| Delayed urticaria/angioedema | 13 (7.4%) | 10 (6.6%) | 3 (13.0%) |
| Macular exanthema | 18 (10.3%) | 17 (11.2%) | 1 (4.3%) |
| MPE | 71 (40.6%) | 65 (42.8%) | 6 (26.1%) |
| SJS/TEN/bullous exanthema | 4 (2.3%) | 4 (2.6%) | 0 |
| AGEP/pustular exanthema | 4 (2.3%) | 4 (2.6%) | 0 |
| FDE | 3 (1.7%) | 2 (1.3%) | 1 (4.3%) |
| SDRIFE | 1 (0.6%) | 1 (0.7%) | 0 |
| DRESS | 4 (2.3%) | 4 (2.6%) | 0 |
| Unspecified delayed exanthema | 9 (5.1%) | 9 (5.9%) | 0 |
| Other | 3 (1.7%) | 3 (5.9%) | 0 |
| Cases with MDH | 1 (0.6%) | 1 (0.7%) | 0 |
| Latency period anaphylaxis/acute urticaria (min) | 30.0 (5.0; 90.0) | 45.0 (11.3; 165.0) | 5.0 (3.0; 25.0) |
| Latency period delayed DHR (days) | 4.0 (3.0; 7.0) | 5.0 (3.0; 7.0) | 3.0 (2.0; 3.0) |
| Time interval till testing (months) | 6.0 (3.0; 48.0) | 7.0 (3.0; 60.0) | 3.0 (2.0; 6.0) |
| Rate of positive skin tests % | 44/175 (25.1%) | 36/125 (23.7%) | 8/23 (34.8%) |
| Affected test area in delayed DHR (yes) | 88/140 (62.9%) | 83/130 (63.8%) | 5/10 (50.0%) |
Values are median and interquartile ranges (IQR) for continuous variables. Categorical variables reported as n (%).
Multiple drug hypersensitivity syndrome (MDH), drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), maculopapular exanthema (MPE), anaphylaxis (ANA), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), symmetrical drug related flexural and intertriginous exanthema (SDRIFE), stevens johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), fixed drug eruption (FDE)