Table 1.
The baseline clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters of the patients according to the remnant cholesterol (RC) and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) index categories.
| Variables |
All Participants (N = 12,563) |
RC < Median LDL-C < Median group (n = 3,596) |
RC < Median LDL-C≥Median group (n = 2,612) |
RC≥Median LDL-C < Median group (n = 2,684) |
RC≥Median LDL-C≥Median group (n = 3,671) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS | ||||||
| Man(%) | 8,658 (68.9%) | 2,693 (74.9%) | 1,777 (68.0%) | 1,845 (68.7%) | 2,343 (63.8%) | <0.001 |
| Age (yrs) | 61 (54,67) | 62 (55,67) | 61 (54,67) | 61 (54,67) | 60 (53,66) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.86 (23.87,28.02) | 25.55 (23.52,27.68) | 25.47 (23.51,27.68) | 26.19 (24.22,28.27) | 26.09 (24.16,28.40) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 7,906 (62.9%) | 2,259 (62.8%) | 1,500 (57.4%) | 1,844 (68.7%) | 2,303 (62.7%) | <0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 9,894 (78.8%) | 2,727 (75.8%) | 2,113 (80.9%) | 2,077 (77.4%) | 2,977 (81.1%) | <0.001 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 5,801 (46.2%) | 1,716 (47.7%) | 1,202 (46.0%) | 1,228 (45.8%) | 1655 (45.1%) | 0.143 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 3,920 (31.2%) | 1,178 (32.8%) | 644 (24.7%) | 1,000 (37.3%) | 1,098 (29.9%) | <0.001 |
| LABORATORY PARAMETERS | ||||||
| SBP (mmHg) | 130 (120,140) | 128 (119,138) | 130 (120,140) | 129 (120,139) | 130 (120,140) | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 77 (70,84) | 76 (70,82) | 78 (70,85) | 77 (70.84) | 78 (70,85) | <0.001 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 6.58 (5.39,13.61) | 6.44 (5.35,12.36) | 6.13 (5.28,10.42) | 7.10 (5.52,16.91) | 6.75 (5.47,16.42) | <0.001 |
| HbA1C (%) | 6.1 (5.6,6.9) | 6.0 (5.6,6.8) | 5.9 (5.6,6.6) | 6.2 (5.7,7.2) | 6.1 (5.7,7.1) | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 3.97 (3.35,4.74) | 3.18 (2.86,3.49) | 4.42 (4.03,4.94) | 3.59 (3.25,3.91) | 4.91 (4.43,5.52) | <0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.38 (0.99,2.00) | 0.99 (0.78,1.25) | 1.12 (0.88,1.41) | 1.92 (1.43,2.65) | 1.92 (1.47,2.56) | <0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.26 (1.76,2.91) | 1.72 (1.44,1.97) | 2.83 (2.50,3.31) | 1.81 (1.55,2.04) | 2.97 (2.58,3.51) | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.08 (0.93,1.27) | 1.10 (0.94,1.28) | 1.18 (1.02,1.38) | 0.97 (0.84,1.15) | 1.06 (0.93,1.24) | <0.001 |
| RC (mmol/L) | 0.51 (0.37,0.71) | 0.37 (0.29,0.43) | 0.37 (0.28,0.44) | 0.67 (0.57,0.88) | 0.73 (0.60,0.94) | <0.001 |
| Non-HDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.83 (2.26,3.58) | 2.07 (1.78,2.33) | 3.18 (2.85,3.67) | 2.56 (2.27,2.81) | 3.79 (3.36,4.39) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides >1.69 mmol/l+ HDL-C <1.03/1.29 mmol/l (in men/women) | 11,214 (89.3%) | 3,217 (89.5%) | 2,348 (89.9%) | 2,398 (89.3%) | 3,251 (88.6%) | 0.370 |
| WBC ( × 10∧9/L) | 6.72 (5.73,7.97) | 6.58 (5.63,7.78) | 6.73 (6.57,7.94) | 6.75 (5.76,8.01) | 6.83 (5.86,8.18) | <0.001 |
| RBC ( × 10∧12/L) | 4.63 (4.33,4.93) | 4.59 (4.29,4.88) | 4.65 (4.35,4.95) | 4.60 (4.30,4.89) | 4.68 (4.38,4.99) | <0.001 |
| PLT ( × 10∧9/L) | 221 (188,260) | 213 (180,249) | 227 (194,265) | 214 (184,256) | 231 (196,270) | <0.001 |
| Hb (g/L) | 143 (133,154) | 142 (132,152) | 145 (134,155) | 142 (131,152) | 145 (134,156) | <0.001 |
| PT (S) | 11.4 (10.9,11.9) | 11.6 (11.1,12.1) | 11.4 (11.0,11.9) | 11.3 (10.8,11.8) | 11.2 (10.8,11.7) | <0.001 |
| ATPP (S) | 32.5 (30.3,34.8) | 32.6 (30.4,34.9) | 32.6 (30.3,34.7) | 32.3 (30.3,34.7) | 32.4 (30.3,34.8) | 0.157 |
| BNP (pg/ml) | 28 (15,58) | 30 (16,59) | 27 (15,57) | 27 (14,55) | 28 (14,61) | 0.008 |
| Hs-CRP (mg/L) | 1.10 (0.52,2.74) | 0.75 (0.39,1.87) | 1.18 (0.56,3.02) | 1.10 (0.54,2.60) | 1.51 (0.72,3.53) | <0.001 |
| Homocysteine (umol/L) | 12.3 (9.9,15.3) | 12.3 (10.0,15.3) | 12.7 (10.4,15.7) | 12.1 (9.7,15.0) | 12.1 (9.8,15.4) | <0.001 |
| Uric acid (umol/L) | 333.3 (280.4,393.3) | 322.5 (271.1,376.0) | 322.8 (273.1,379.3) | 342.9 (289.1,408.0) | 346.3 (290.0,406.8) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (umol/L) | 70.2 (60.9,80.5) | 70.7 (62.1,80.0) | 68.9 (59.7,79.2) | 71.7 (61.8,82.1) | 69.9 (60.1,80.5) | <0.001 |
| CLINICAL PRESENTATION, N (%) | ||||||
| Non-CAD | 2,086 (16.6%) | 485 (13.5%) | 608 (23.3%) | 386 (14.4%) | 607 (16.5%) | <0.001 |
| Stable CAD | 241 (1.9%) | 101 (2.8%) | 47 (1.8%) | 37 (1.4%) | 56 (1.5%) | <0.001 |
| ACS | 10,236 (81.5%) | 3,010 (83.7%) | 1,957 (74.9%) | 2,261 (84.2%) | 3,008 (81.9%) | <0.001 |
| Unstable angina | 9,063 (72.1%) | 2,783 (77.4%) | 1,684 (64.5%) | 2,061 (76.8%) | 2,535 (69.1%) | <0.001 |
| NSTEMI | 666 (5.3%) | 121 (3.4%) | 156 (6.0%) | 107 (4.0%) | 282 (7.7%) | <0.001 |
| STEMI | 507 (4.0%) | 106 (2.9%) | 117 (4.5%) | 93 (3.5%) | 191 (5.2%) | <0.001 |
Values are median or n (%).
BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HbA1C, glycosylated hemoglobin A1C; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; WBC, white blood cell; RBC, red blood cell; PLT, platelets; PT, prothrombin time; ATPP, aqueous two-phase partitioning; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; Hs-CRP, hyper-sensitive C-reactive protein; CAD, coronary artery disease; ACS, acute coronary syndrome; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; NSTEMI, non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.