Table I.
Demographic and background data on 31 patients included in the survey
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Age (y), median (range) | 49 (20-80) |
| Male sex, no. (%) | 20 (64.5%) |
| Diagnosis, no. | |
| CVID | 5 |
| XLA | 8 |
| Other primary hypogammaglobulinemia | 3 |
| Secondary hypogammaglobulinemia, previous anti-CD20 treatment∗ | 12 |
| Secondary hypogammaglobulinemia, no previous anti-CD20† treatment | 2 |
| Unspecified | 1 |
| IgG concentration (g/L), median (IQR) | |
| Trough level for patients undergoing immunoglobulin replacement before COVID-19 diagnosis (n = 19) | 8.8 (6.7-12.3) |
| At presentation with COVID-19 for patients not previously on immunoglobulin replacement (n = 12) | 4.3 (1.6-5.0) |
| IgA concentration (n = 27) (g/L), median (IQR) | 0 (0-0.57) |
| IgM concentration (n = 27) (g/L), median (IQR) | 0 (0-0.18) |
| B-cell count (n = 27) (× 109/L), median (IQR) | 0 (0-0.004) |
| CD4+ T-cell count (n = 26) (× 109/L), median (IQR) | 0.46 (0.23-0.85) |
| CD8+ T-cell count (n = 24) (× 109/L), median (IQR) | 0.35 (0.27-0.80) |
| White ethnicity, no. (%) | 26 (83.9%) |
| Other comorbidity present, no. (%)‡ | 13 (41.9%) |
| Episodes of clinical illness with COVID-19, no. | |
| Total | 62 |
| Range per patient | 1-5 |
| Mean per patient | 2 |
| Total median duration of illness per patient at the time of survey§ | 64 d |
| Patient was viremic at any time | |
| Yes | 7 |
| No | 5 |
| Not known | 19 |
| SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in serum during infection | |
| Positive | 3‖ |
| Negative | 18 |
| Not tested | 9 |
| Patient was receiving immunoglobulin replacement therapy at time of survey | |
| Yes | 21 |
| No, the patient died | 3 |
| No, the patient does not meet NHS England criteria | 6 |
| No, the patient experienced significant side effects | 1 |
IQR, interquartile range; NHS, National Health Service.
Follicular lymphoma (n = 3), mantle cell lymphoma (n = 2), other lymphoma (n = 2), Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (n = 2), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (n = 1), acute myeloid leukemia with stem cell transplant (n = 1), and rheumatoid arthritis (n = 1).
B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (n = 1) and renal transplant (n = 1).
Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, other heart diseases (eg, arrhythmia, valvular heart disease), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and other chronic respiratory disease.
In some instances, details were not provided for all episodes of illness (eg, for those managed in the community), and this figure is therefore likely to be an underestimate.
All patients had received antibody-based therapies.