Scheme 1.

The schematic illustration ofthebromfenac-eluting intraocular lens as a novel approach for the prevention of PCO. The ERK signaling can be activated by TGF-β2, which leads to the inactivation of GSK-3β by phosphorylation. GSK-3β can phosphorylate and degrade Snail, which plays a role as a transcription factor to regulate FN, MMP2, and α-SMA to promote cell migration and EMT. Bromfenac can efficiently suppress the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 induced by TGF-β2. We developed bromfenac-eluting intraocular lens (IOL) spray-coated with PLGA carrying bromfenac on the plate haptics, which was designed as a drug delivery system for the prevention of PCO development.