Table 4.

Risk factors in NSAID users requiring prophylaxis with proton pump inhibitors

Risk factors requiring prophylaxis with PPIs
History of ulcer complications, particularly bleeding
Age > 65 years
Prior ulcer even without complications
NSAIDs/coxibs at higher doses or in combination with other gastrotoxic drugs or anti-coagulants (e.g. multiple NSAIDs/coxibs, steroids, SSRIs, warfarin)
ASA alone, even at low dosage in elderly patients, or combined with other drugs (e.g., NSAIDs/coxibs, steroids, anticoagulants, clopidogrel)
Ticlopidine or clopidogrel in high-risk patients
Acute NSAID/coxib use in patients taking chronically anti-coagulant or anti-platelet drug

PPIs proton pump inhibitors, NSAIDs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, coxibs COX-2-selective NSAIDs, Plus ASA acetylsalicylic acid, SSRIs selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors