TABLE 3.

Levels of histone marks in different quiescence systems.

Histone mark	General location	Generally associated with gene activation or repression?	Present within yeast	Up with quiescence	Down with quiescence
H3K4me2	Euchromatin	Gene activation	Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) Schizosaccharomyces pombe (S. pombe)		Decreased in sporulating yeast (Xu et al., 2012), mouse skin and HFSCs (Lee et al., 2016), and mouse B lymphocytes (Baxter et al., 2004)
H3K4me3	Euchromatin	Gene activation	S. cerevisiae S. pombe	Increase in adult mouse muscle stem cells (Liu et al., 2013)	Decrease in quiescent yeast (Xu et al., 2012; Young et al., 2017), sporulating yeast (Xu et al., 2012), bovine fibroblasts (Kallingappa et al., 2016), and in HFSCs (Kang et al., 2020)
H3K9me2	Heterochromatin	Gene repression	S. pombe	increased in muscle quiescent stem cells (Cheedipudi et al., 2015)	reduced in yeast (Oya et al., 2019) and bovine fibroblasts (Kallingappa et al., 2016)
H3K9me3	Heterochromatin	Gene repression	S. pombe	increased in MuSCs (Boonsanay et al., 2016)	reduced in mouse skin and HFSCs (Lee et al., 2016), yeast (Oya et al., 2019), and bovine fibroblasts (Kallingappa et al., 2016)
H3K9ac	Euchromatin	Gene activation	S. cerevisiae S. pombe		Global decrease in yeast (Mews et al., 2014)
H3K14ac		Gene activation	S. cerevisiae S. pombe		Decreased in muscle quiescent stem cells and yeast (Cheedipudi et al., 2015; Young et al., 2017)
H3K27me3	Heterochromatin	Gene repression			Decrease in skin and hair stem cells for growth (Kang et al., 2020), in mouse skin and HFSCs (Lee et al., 2016), and in bovine fibroblasts (Kallingappa et al., 2016)
H3K27ac	Euchromatin	Gene activation	S. cerevisiae S. pombe	Increase in neural stem cells (Martynoga et al., 2013)
H3K36me1/me2/me3	Euchromatin	Gene activation	S. cerevisiae S. pombe	me3 increase in mouse bone marrow cells (Zhou et al., 2018)	reduced in bovine fibroblasts (Meng et al., 2020)
H3K79me1/me2	Heterochromatin		S. cerevisiae S. pombe		loss in yeast (Young et al., 2017)
H4K5ac	Euchromatin	Gene activation	S. cerevisiae S. pombe		Global decrease in yeast (Mews et al., 2014)
H4K16ac	Euchromatin	Gene activation	S. cerevisiae S. pombe		decreased in skeletal muscle stem cells and ESCs (Ryall et al., 2015; Kang et al., 2020)
H4K20me3	Heterochromatin	Gene repression	S. pombe	increased in primary human dermal fibroblasts (Evertts et al., 2013a), in MuSCs (Boonsanay et al., 2016)