TABLE 1.
Descriptive statistics for dual SNF users by discharge status
| Variable | Discharged | Not discharged | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 110 765 | n = 113 464 | ||
| Sociodemographics | |||
| Age | 78.0 | 80.3 | *** |
| Male | 26.0% | 31.0% | *** |
| Race/Ethnicity | *** | ||
| White | 65.2% | 68.1% | |
| Black | 16.9% | 18.7% | |
| Other | 17.9% | 13.1% | |
| Marital status | *** | ||
| Married | 18.9% | 19.3% | |
| Divorced | 18.8% | 15.1% | |
| Separated | 2.0% | 1.6% | |
| Never married | 14.6% | 14.4% | |
| Widowed | 43.2% | 47.1% | |
| Other | 2.5% | 2.5% | |
| Original reason for Medicare entitlement | *** | ||
| Old age | 73.0% | 76.6% | |
| Disability | 26.4% | 22.7% | |
| ESRD | 0.3% | 0.3% | |
| Disability and ESRD | 0.3% | 0.4% | |
| Characteristics of index hospitalization | |||
| Surgical stay | 36.9% | 23.8% | *** |
| Length of stay (days) | 6.5 | 8.5 | *** |
| DRG weights | 1.8 | 1.7 | *** |
| ICU use | 28.8% | 30.1% | *** |
| Health and functional status | |||
| ADL dependence | 16.3 | 18.5 | *** |
| Cognitive function | *** | ||
| Intact | 59.5% | 32.5% | |
| Mildly impaired | 24.0% | 27.2% | |
| Moderately impaired | 13.5% | 30.3% | |
| Severely impaired | 2.0% | 7.3% | |
| Missing | 1.0% | 2.7% | |
| # of hospital stay in prior 365 days | 0.86 | 0.93 | *** |
| Clinical diagnoses | |||
| Hypertension | 80.3% | 79.4% | *** |
| Anemia | 31.3% | 33.4% | *** |
| ADRD | 19.3% | 38.4% | *** |
| Asthma/COPD | 30.1% | 28.0% | *** |
| Heart failure | 22.8% | 26.1% | *** |
| Anxiety | 19.7% | 21.2% | *** |
| Pneumonia | 11.4% | 14.0% | *** |
| Nonhip fraction | 9.1% | 8.7% | *** |
| Hip fracture | 7.7% | 7.6% | NS |
| Psychotic disorder | 3.0% | 6.3% | *** |
| Malnutrition | 3.0% | 5.2% | *** |
| Schizophrenia | 2.4% | 3.4% | *** |
| Bipolar disorder | 2.6% | 2.5% | NS |
| ESRD | 0.05% | 0.07% | ** |
| Clinical conditions and treatments | |||
| Incontinence | 50.7% | 73.5% | *** |
| Hemiplegia | 3.3% | 5.1% | *** |
| Seizure disorder/epilepsy | 5.0% | 5.7% | *** |
| Shortness of breath with exertion | 17.5% | 18.4% | *** |
| Shortness of breath when sitting | 5.1% | 8.0% | *** |
| Shortness of breath when lying | 9.1% | 11.8% | *** |
| Swallowing problem | 5.2% | 8.7% | *** |
| Weight loss | 8.6% | 9.8% | *** |
| Surgical wound | 32.5% | 19.3% | *** |
| # of days in a week having any injection | 2.9 | 2.4 | *** |
| Any insulin injection | 26.8% | 24.9% | *** |
Abbreviations: ADL, activities of daily living; ADRD, Alzheimer's disease and related dementia; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DRG, diagnosis‐related groups; ESRD, end‐stage renal disease; ICU, intensive care unit; NS, not significant; SNF, skilled nursing facility.
***
P < 0.01.
** P < 0.05.