Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Oct 29;15:770387. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2021.770387

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2021 Sfera, Osorio, Rahman, Zapata-Martín del Campo, Maldonado, Jafri, Cummings, Maurer and Kozlakidis.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Several SARS-CoV-2 antigens interact directly with host EC proteins, inducing cellular senescence and altering the BBB permeability. Viral hijacking of furin/plasmin by antigen S2 impairs BDNF maturation, increasing PTSD susceptibility. The S1/ACE-2 attachment upregulates ANG II, inducing mitochondrial damage and cellular senescence. Viral ORF9b disrupts mitochondria directly, altering antiviral defenses and cellular metabolism. The SARS-CoV-2 antigen E exploits host epigenetic readers BRD-2 and BRD-4, altering the expression of mitochondrial proteins encoded in the nuclear DNA. Viral antigen NSP6 interacts with Sigma-1 receptors, inducing cellular senescence by an alternative pathway.