Study ID	Setting	Country; trial start	Early surgery (< 48 hours)	Anaesthesia	Type of surgery	Early mobilisation?	Early supported discharge?	Current treatment practice?	Notes
Inpatient rehabilitation
Baroni 2019	Hospital	Italy; 2012	No (31%)	NR	NR, 7 (3%) had conservative treatment	NR	No	No	Italy ‐ generally has longer time to surgery
Cameron 1993	Hospital	Australia; 1989	Mean 1.8 days	NR	NR	No (part of intervention)	No (part of intervention)	No	Usual care not well described
Chong 2013	Hospital	Singapore; 2004	NR	NR	Inconsistent data from 93% population. bipolar hemiarthroplasty 20.5%; Moore's hemiarthroplasty 17%; dynamic hip screw 50%; others.	NR ‐ unlikely 49% were not weight‐bearing on admission to rehabilitation	No	No (except for Singapore)	Not enough information but high rate of non‐weight‐bearing
Fordham 1986	Hospital	UK; 1984	No, 48% within 2 days, but 30% 5 days or over	NR	Mixed but some dated. Included 59 (55%) screws; 20 (18.5%) pin and plates; 16 (15%) cemented Hastings	NR, unlikely	No	No	Dated trial
Galvard 1995	Hospital	Sweden; 1988	NR	NR	Cervical: 2 nails; trochanteric: sliding screw	NR	No, long hospital stays	No	Dated trial
Gilchrist 1988	Hospital	UK; 1984	Yes (90%)	96% general	NR	NR	NR	Unlikely	Dated trial but early surgery
Huusko 2002	Hospital	Finland; 1994	Likely. Median 1 day	NR	NR	No (part of intervention)	Not really. Moved to rehabilitation or local hospital ward	Unclear	Dated trial but early surgery
Jette 1987	Hospital	USA; 1984	NR	NR	In part but some old implants	No ‐ 6 weeks for unstable fractures	No	No	Dated trial
Kennie 1988	Hospital	UK; before 1986	NR (but recommended in a later paper 1990)	spinal 24% general 76%	42% hemiarthroplasty 43% dynamic hip screw	No (part of intervention)	No	No	Dated trial
Marcantonio 2001	Hospital	USA; before 1999	NR	NR	NR in full	No (part of intervention)	NR	Unclear	Focus on delirium ‐ hard to judge
Naglie 2002	Hospital	Canada; 1993	Mean 1.35 days	NR	Pin + plate 60% hemiarthroplasty 30% other 10%	No (part of intervention)	No	No	Dated trial (surgery)
Prestmo 2015	Hospital	Norway; 2008	Mean 29 hours	Mostly spinal anaesthesia (after pre‐op femoral nerve block)	41% hemiarthroplasty; 18% screws; 33% bone plates and screws; others	No (part of intervention)	Yes for intervention group	Unclear	Intervention includes several aspects of current practice
Sanchez Ferrin 1999	Hospital	Spain; 1996	NR	NR	Vague	NR	NR	No	Spain ‐ generally has longer time to surgery
Shyu 2008	Hospital	Taiwan; 2001	NR	NR	37% hemiarthroplasty; 63% internal fixation	No (part of intervention)	NR but policy to send home quickly	No (except for Taiwan)	Taiwan’s healthcare system differs from those in most Western countries, including underdevelopment of community‐based, long‐term‐care services.
Shyu 2013a	Hospital	Taiwan; 2005	No, but mean 2.2 days	NR	38% arthroplasty; 62% internal fixation	No (part of intervention)	NR but policy to send home quickly	No (except for Taiwan)	Comment in Shyu 2008 is likely to apply
Stenvall 2007a	Hospital	Sweden; 2000	Mean 25 hours	NR	2 hook‐pins 35%; bipolar hemiarthroplasty: 56%; dynamic hip screw: 8.5% for basocervical fractures	Yes policy within 24 hours	No	Unclear	Types of surgery more common in Sweden
Swanson 1998	Hospital	Australia; 1994	60 (84.5%) had surgery within 48 hours (11 exceptions; reasons given) (part of intervention)	Regional anaesthesia used (63.2% versus 42.4%); (part of intervention)	internal fixation (65%) or hemiarthroplasty (35%)	No (part of intervention)	No (part of intervention)	Unclear	Intervention includes several aspects of current practice
Tseng 2019	Hospital and community (intervention group)	Taiwan; 2010	NR	NR	45.5% arthroplasty; 54.5% internal fixation	No (part of intervention)	NR but policy to send home quickly	No (except for Taiwan)	Comment in Shyu 2008 is likely to apply
Uy 2008	Hospital	Australia; 2001	NR	NR	hemiarthroplasty for intracapsular fractures; compression screw and plate for trochanteric fractures	Likely (also part of intervention)	Special group (part of intervention)	Unclear	All came from nursing care facilities and control group of early return reflects usual practice
Vidan 2005	Hospital	Spain; 1997	No, mean 77.2 hours	96% regional anaesthesia	Non‐specific internal fixation (60%), replacement (35%), other	No ‐ rehabilitation started on average 9.3 days	No	No	Spain ‐ generally has longer time to surgery
Watne 2014	Hospital	Norway; 2009	Yes, median 26 and 24 hours	92% spinal anaesthesia	44% hemiarthroplasty 54% osteosynthesis 1 total hip replacement not operated 3 (1%)	Yes (policy)	Partly (part of intervention too). Length of stay data indicated this applied generally	Yes (see next box)	Note that no mention of specific early discharge for nursing home patients
Ambulatory rehabilitation
Ashe 2019	Community (outpatients and home)	Canada; 2011	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	Unsure	No details to judge
Crotty 2003	Hospital and community (intervention group)	Australia; 1998	NR	NR	Internal fixation 41%; replacement 59%; 1 total hip replacementa	Yes, median 1 day to mobilise	No (part of intervention)	Unsure	Intervention includes several aspects of current practice
Crotty 2019	Community (nursing home / care facility)	Australia; 2012	Yes (88% within 24 hours)	NR	More intramedullary nail for extracapsular fractures (79%); very few total hip replacements for intracapsular fractures (2.3%)a	NR but unlikely in context	Early discharge as back to nursing home	Yes (for these patients)	Country‐ and circumstances‐dependent. All came from nursing care facilities
Karlsson 2016	Hospital and community (intervention group)	Sweden; 2008	NR	NR	NR	Yes (policy)	Yes for intervention group	Unclear	‐
Ryan 2006	Community (at home)	UK; 2000	NR	NR	NR	NR	No. Length of hospital stay was probably over a month on average	Unclear	Unlikely in terms of discharge timing
Singh 2012	Community (outpatients and home)	Australia; 2003	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	Unclear	No information on these
Ziden 2008	Hospital and community (intervention group: home)	Sweden; 2004	NR	NR	NR	Yes, policy: within 48 hours	No: supported discharge was an aim of one intervention but no indication of early	Unclear	Insufficient evidence to judge