Catalytic efficiencies (kcat/Km) for single nucleotide insertion of mismatch dAMP (A) and correct insertion of dGMP (B) opposite unmodified dC or 11-mer peptide (NH2-GGGKGLGK*GGA) conjugated to the C5 position of cytosine by hPol η. Catalytic efficiency values for nucleotide insertion opposite unmodified dC are shown in red, while the corresponding parameters for DpC templates are shown in yellow. YXZ in the sequence schematic corresponds to the sequence context used, as listed below the X-axis. Z’ corresponds to the complementary nucleotide to Z in each sequence context. Michaelis-Menten curves were calculated by nonlinear regression analysis using one-site hyperbolic fits in Prism 4.0 (Graphpad Software, La Jolla, CA, USA).