Table 2.
Accumulation of hesperidin analysed by HPLC-UV and HPLC-EC among skin layers: stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis, and hesperidin permeation through the skin after 2, 4, 6, and 24 h (ng/cm2) from the application of hesperidin solutions (HeH2O, HeEtOH) or honeybush extracts (A, B, C, D).
| HeH2O | HeEtOH | Extract A | Extract B | Extract C | Extract D | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S.c. | 77.74 ± 5.44 | 56.77 ± 12.59 | 59.03 ± 0.84 | 40.21 ± 9.9 | 64.82 ± 17.39 | 48.87 ± 8.68 |
| Epidermis | 147.9 ± 8.35 | 115.03± 0.5 | 66.56 ± 0.9 | 69.54 ± 8.51 | 68.92 ± 11 | 88.85 ± 16.68 |
| Dermis | 225.38 ± 29.72 | 185.59 ± 0.45 | 121.85 ± 0.56 | 107.33 ± 12.56 | 80.21 ± 12.05 | 87.44 ± 5.78 |
| 2 h | 83.18 ± 12.79 | 71.33 ± 12.38 | 5.08 ± 1.22 | 6.72 ± 1.84 | 8.43 ± 0.83 | 10.31 ± 3.06 |
| 4 h | 117.18 ± 12.79 | 88.13 ± 20.04 | 8.87 ± 2.35 | 8 ± 1.35 | 11.18 ± 0.7 | 12 ± 2.91 |
| 6 h | 151.08 ± 22.35 | 108.77 ± 14.38 | 10.97 ± 0.38 | 9.13 ± 0.38 | 12.51 ± 3.91 | 14.31 ± 2.91 |
| 24 h | 250.92 ± 16.01 | 132 ± 14.93 | 16.72 ± 4.22 | 13.23 ± 4.24 | 17.79 ± 3.84 | 22.41 ± 1.56 |
S.c. stratum corneum; each average value was obtained from three independent repetitions.