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Comparison of methods for color index measurement of transformer oil.
| Methods | Wavelength (nm) | Human Observation | Model Equation | Accuracy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASTM D1500 standard | NA | ✓ | ✕ | Max. error of 0.5 is tolerated |
| UV-Vis Spectroscopy | 300–700 | ✕ | ✓ | RMSE = 0.1961 |
| Single wavelength spectroscopy | 405 | ✕ | ✓ | RMSE405 = 0.2229 |
| 450 | ✕ | ✓ | RMSE450 = 0.4129 |
